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General Psychology > 9/11 > Flashcards

9/11 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Psychology( Discipline)

A

a major of subject study

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2
Q

What is Psychology?(Science)

A

a method of conducting research and understanding behavioral data

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3
Q

What is Psycholog?(Profession)

A

calling that requires one to apply knowledge to solve human problems

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4
Q

Definition of Psychology

A

Scientific study of behavior and mental processes
Study of psychological, social biological processes related to behavior

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5
Q

What are the four goals of psychology?

A

1)Describe
2)Interpret
3) Predict
4) Ultimately Control

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6
Q

Mention 9 research areas in psychology

A

1)Physiological - understand neuromechanics through manipulation of the brain (can only be done in animals)
2)Psychometrics: measuring mental capacities
3)Experimental: apply experimental processes to understand the human brain
4)Cognitive: how we think, how we remeber things
5)Personality
6)Developmental - human development
7)Social: influence social environment on your behavior
8)Educational : how people learn
9)Health: how pychological factors influence health

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7
Q

What are the seven unifying themes of psychology?

A

1)Psychological is empirical
2)Psychology is theoretically diverse
3)Psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context
4)Behavior is determined by multiple causes
5)Behavior is shaped by cultural heritgae
6) Heredity and environment jointly influence behavior
7)People’s experience of the world is highly subjective

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8
Q

Who is known as the father of Psychology

A

Wihelm Wundt

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9
Q

Name the contribution of Wihelm Wundst (Contribution, school, and technique)

A

First lab and journal for psychology
School of Structuralism
Technique: introspection (observe ones owns experiences)

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10
Q

What was the school of William James and explain

A

Functionalism
Study function, purpose of mind rather than the structure

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11
Q

Compare and Contrast Structuralism and Functionalism

A

**Structuralism - analyze consciousness into its basic elements
Introspection: systematic observation of ones own conscious experience

**Functionalism - investigate the function or purpose of consciousness
“Look at the big picture”

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12
Q

Think of William James, what is the purpose of consciousness and behavior?

A

1) Survival - Natural selection (function of perceived fear)
2) Ongoing process so we can’t take it apart to exam

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13
Q

What was the school of thought of Sigmund Freud

A

Psychoanalysis - unconscious is the true physical reality

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14
Q

Who was John B. Watson

A

Father of Behaviorism and most important influence on Psychology until the 1950s

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15
Q

Did John B Watson agree with Freud’s theories? Why or why not?

A

DIsagree, because he thought that we cannot study unconsciousness since it is something we can’t see
Successful in advertisement

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16
Q

What was BF Skinner school of thought

A

Radical Behaviorism: no free will since we repeat behaviour that was once reinforced ( we are influenced by consequence of our behavior

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17
Q

Describe Carl Rogers school of thought

A

Humanistic Approach -Our behavior is controlled by our self concept. We all want to reach our full potential

18
Q

Name 3 women pioneers in psychology

A

1) Mary Whiton Calkins
2) Margaret Floy Washburn
3) Leta Stetter Hollingworth

19
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Psychoanalytic (Time period)

A

1900- present

20
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Psychoanalytic (Principal Contributors)

A

1)SIgmund Freud
2) Carl Jung
3) Alfred Adler

21
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Psychoanalytic (Subject Matter)

A

Unconscious determinants of behavior

22
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Psychoanalytic (Basic Premise)

A

Unconscious motives and experiences in early childhood govern personality and mental disorder

23
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Behavioral
(Time and Contributors)

A

1913 - Present
John B Watson
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner

24
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Behavioral
(Subject Matter)

A

Effects of environment on the overt behavior of humans and animals

25
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Behavioral
(Basic Premise)

A

Only observable events (stimulus -response relations) can be studied scientifically

26
Q

GIve an famous example related to the Behavioral Perspective and descrie

A

Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning

27
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Humanistic
(Time and Contributors)

A

1950s - Present
Carl Rogers
Abraham Maslow

28
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Humanistic
(Subject Matter)

A

Unique aspects of human experience

29
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Humanistic
(BAsic Premise)

A

humans are free rational beings with potential for personal growth and they are different from animals

30
Q

Describe a famous - Humanistic Perspective Example

A

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
5 parts
Physiological needs
safety need
belogingness and love needs
esteem needs
self-actualization

31
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Cognitive
(Time and Contributors)

A

1950 - present
Jean Piaget
Noam Chomsky
Herbert Simon

32
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Cognitive
(Subject Matter)

A

Thoughts - Mental process

33
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Cognitive
(Basic Premise)

A

Human behavior cannot be fully understood withou examining how people acquire, store, and process information

34
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Biologial
(Time and Contributors)

A

1950- present
James Olds
Roger Sperry
David Hubel
Torsten Wiesel

35
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Biologial
(Subject Matter)

A

Psychological bases of behavior in humans and animals

36
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Biologial
(Basic Premise)

A

An organisms functioning can be explained in terms of bodily structures and biochemical processes that underlie behavior

37
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Evolutionary
(Time and Contributors)

A

1980 - present
David Buss
Martin Daly
Margo WIlson
Leda Cosmides
John Tooby

38
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Evolutionary
(Subject Matter)

A

Evolutionary bases of behavior in humans and animals

39
Q

Time Frames and Perspectives – Evolutionary
(Basic Premise)

A

Behavior patterns have evolved to solve adaptive problems, natural selection favors behaviors that enhance reproductive success

40
Q

What are the 4 major schools of thought ** which is more popular now

A

Behavioral
**Cognitive
Neuroscience
Psychoanalytic

41
Q

Where did psychology first started and where is it moving now?

A

Started in europe, US has dominated the field

42
Q

Who started Positive Psychology movement and what does it entail?

A

Martin Seligman
Positive subjective experiences
Positive individual traits
Positive institutions and communities

General Psychology (3 decks)

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