9. Cephalosporins Flashcards
Cephalosporins are …
Cell wall inhibitor inhibition of transpeptidation (last step of synthesis)
that binding to PBP
Bactericidal
Semisynthetic chemical attachment of side chain
Cephalosporins generations & there rule
5 generations
G+ive activity decreases while G-ive increases with generations
Cephalosporins Kinetics
Mostly given parenteral
Elimination by the kidney
Cephalosporins Adverse effects
Hypersensitivity reactions
Hematologic toxicity
dysbacteriosis
pseudomembranous colitis
1st generation
Cephalexin
Cefazolin
2nd generation
Cefuroxime
Cefoxitin
3rd generation
1st sub type
Ceftriaxone
Cefotaxime
2nd sub type - Ceftazidime
4th generation
Cefepime
5th generation
Ceftaroline fosamil
Cefazolin & Cephalexin difference
Cephalexin is give P.O
Cefazolin is given I.V
differens between 1st & 2nd sub types of 3rd generation Cephalosporins
2nd subtype has activity against Pseudomonas
Cephalexin
Cefazolin
1st generation
Spectrum: G+ive , E.Coli, klebsiella, proteus (PEK)
For: UTIs | Cefazolin - prophylaxis
Cefuroxime
Cefoxitin
2nd generation
Spectrum: G-ive, G+ive
Ceftriaxone
1st sub types of 3rd generation Cephalosporins
spectrum: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, H.influenzae, Strep. Pneumonia, strep viridans, Chlamydia
they enters CNS
elimination through the bille
Ceftazidime
2nd sub types of 3rd generation Cephalosporins
for: nosocomial infections
Spectrum: G-ive, borrelia burgdorferi, Pseudomonas
