9. Epidemiology of Cancer Flashcards Preview

MCD Y2: Cancer > 9. Epidemiology of Cancer > Flashcards

Flashcards in 9. Epidemiology of Cancer Deck (8)
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1
Q

What epidemiological measure is best for studying causality?

A

Incidence

2
Q

Recall how the example of melanoma can be used to show that incidence is a good measure of causality

A

200 x higher in Australia than China… where they are both pale-skinned and live with high UVB exposure

3
Q

Recall how the example of lung cancer can be used to show that incidence is a good measure of causality

A

Much higher in Eastern Europe than Western Africa due to incidence of tobacco-smoking

4
Q

What is used to study the genetic component of a disease?

A

Migrant studies

5
Q

Give an example of a migrant study that examined the genetic component of a cancer

A

Japanese immigrants in Hawaii
Japan has very high incidence of stomach cancer, very low in Hawaii
Within 2 generations, Japanese had same risk as Hawaiians - actually shows the weakness of the genetic component (that cause is more environmental)

6
Q

Recall 3 factors that have contributed to the ever-increasing burden of cancer worldwide

A
  1. Ageing populations
  2. Westernisation of lifestyles
  3. Increasing population size
7
Q

Which cancer is the most prevalent worldwide for women?

A

Breast

8
Q

Which cancer is the most prevalent worldwide for men?

A

Lung (Russia, Asia)

Prostate (Europe, America)