9 - HRM

Question 1

Human Resource Management

Answer 1

The activities that managers perform to plan for, attract, develop and retain an effective workforce

Question 2

Human capital

Answer 2

The economic or productive potential of employee knowledge, experience and actions

Question 3

Knowledge worker

Answer 3

Someone whose occupation is principally concerned with generating or interpreting information, as opposed to manual labour

Question 4

Social capital

Answer 4

The economic or productive potential of strong, trusting and co-operative relationships

Question 5

Strategic human Resource planning

Answer 5

Developing a systematic, comprehensive strategy for 1) Understanding current employee needs 2) predicting future employee needs

Question 6

Job analysis

Answer 6

To determine, by observation and analysis, the basic elements of a job

Question 7

Job description

Answer 7

Summarises what the holder of the job does and how and why they do it

Question 8

Job specification

Answer 8

Describes the minimum qualifications a person must have to perform the job successfully

Question 9

Human Resource inventory

Answer 9

A report listing your organisation’s employees by name, education, training, languages and other important information

Question 10

Collective bargaining

Answer 10

Negotiations between Management and employees to try to resolve disputes over compensation, benefits, working conditions and job security.

Question 11

Workplace discrimination

Answer 11

Occurs when people are hired or promoted - or denied hiring or promotion - for reasons not relevant to the job

Question 12

Adverse impact

Answer 12

This occurs when an organisation uses an employment practice or procedure that results in an unwanted or negative impact on a group of people

Question 13

Disparate treatment

Answer 13

Results when employees from protected groups (such as disabled individuals) are intentionally treated differently

Question 14

Mediation

Answer 14

In mediation, a neutral third party, a mediator listens to both sides in a dispute, makes suggestions and encourages them to agree on a solution

Question 15

Workplace bullying

Answer 15

Verbal, physical, social or psychological abuse by your employer (or manager) another person or a group of people at work

Question 16

Sexual harassment

Answer 16

Unwanted sexual attention regardless of whether it is explicit such as touching, or implied through innuendo or stereotypical jokes

Question 17

Affirmative action

Answer 17

Focuses on achieving equality of opportunity within an organisation

Question 18

Recruiting

Answer 18

The process of locating and attracting qualified applicants for jobs open in the organisation

Question 19

Internal recruiting

Answer 19

Making people already employed by the organisation aware of the job openings

Question 20

Job posting

Answer 20

Placing information about job vacancies and qualifications on bulletin boards, in newsletters and on the intranet

Question 21

External recruiting

Answer 21

Attracting job applicants from outside the organisation

Question 22

Realistic job preview (RJP)

Answer 22

Gives a candidate a picture of both positive and negative features of the job and the organisation before he or she is hired

Question 23

Selection process

Answer 23

Screening job applicants to hire the best candidate

Question 24

Unstructured interview

Answer 24

Asking probing questions to find out what the applicant is like

Question 25

Structured interview

Answer 25

Asking all applicants the same questions and comparing their responses to a standardised set of answers

Question 26

Situational interview

Answer 26

The interviewer focuses on hypothetical situations

Question 27

Behavioural-description interview

Answer 27

The interviewer explores what applicants have actually done in the past

Question 28

Employment tests

Answer 28

Legally considered to consist of any procedure used in the employment selection decision process, even applicant forms, interviews and educational requirements

Question 29

Assessment centre

Answer 29

Where management candidates participate in activities for a few days while being assessed by evaluators

Question 30

Orientation

Answer 30

Helping the newcomer fit smoothly into the job and the organisation

Question 31

Training

Answer 31

Educating technical and operational employees in how to better do their current jobs

Question 32

Development

Answer 32

Educating professionals and managers in the skills they need to do their jobs in the future

Question 33

Computer-assisted instruction (CAI)

Answer 33

Computers are used to provide additional help or to reduce instructional time

Question 34

Performance appraisal

Answer 34

1) Assessing an employee's performance 2) Providing him or her with feedback

Question 35

Performance Management

Answer 35

The continuous cycle of improving job performance through goal setting, feedback and coaching and rewards and positive re-inforcement

Question 36

Objective appraisals

Answer 36

(Results appraisals) are based on facts and are often numerical

Question 37

Subjective appraisals

Answer 37

Are based on a manager's perception of an employee's traits or behaviours

Question 38

Behaviourally anchored ratio scale (BARS)

Answer 38

Rates employee gradations in performance according to scales of specific behaviours

Question 39

360-degree Assessment (360 degree feedback appraisal)

Answer 39

Employees are appraised not only by their managerial superiors but also by peers, subordinates and sometimes clients

Question 40

Forced ranking performance review

Answer 40

All employees within a business unit are ranked against one another and grades are distributed along some sort of bell curve

Question 41

Formal appraisals

Answer 41

Conducted at specific times throughout the year and are based on performance measures that have been established in advance

Question 42

Informal appraisals

Answer 42

Are conducted on an unscheduled basis and consist of less rigorous indications of employee performance

Question 43

Compensation

Answer 43

Comprises 1) Wages or salaries 2) Incentives 3) Benefits

Question 44

Base pay

Answer 44

Consists of the basic wage or salary paid employees in exchange for their labour

Question 45

Benefits

Answer 45

(Fringe benefits) additional non-monetary forms of compensation

Question 46

Promotion

Answer 46

Moving an employee to a higher level position

Question 47

Demoted

Answer 47

When one's current responsibilities, pay and prerequisites are taken away

Question 48

Dismissal

Answer 48

When employment is terminated for a variety of either voluntary or involuntary reasons

Question 49

Transfer

Answer 49

The movement of an employee to a different job with similar responsibility

Question 50

Disciplined

Answer 50

Being temporarily removed from one's job or told to stay away from work

Question 51

Conciliation

Answer 51

The conciliators may be a fair work conciliator, lawyer or specialist in conflict resolution or labour matters. The conciliator meets with both parties independently and focuses on concessions to assist the parties to resolve the dispute

Question 52

Arbitration

Answer 52

In arbitration, a neutral third party, an arbitrator, listens to both parties in a dispute and makes a decision that will bind the parties

Question 53

Labour unions

Answer 53

Organisations of employees formed to protect and advance their members' interests by bargaining with management over job-related issues.

Question 54

Grievance

Answer 54

A complaint by an employee that Management has violated the terms of the labour management agreement