9: MRI Head And Neck

Question 1

Brain stem consists of: (3 parts)

Answer 1

1. Mid brain
2. Pons
3. Medulla Oblongata

Question 2

______ or ______ is a noticeable fissure separating the parietal lobe and temporal lobe of the Cerebrum.

Answer 2

Sylvian Fissure or Lateral Sulcus

Question 3

The _________ lies adjacent to the Anterior horn of the Lateral Ventricle.

Answer 3

Caudate Nucleus

Question 4

Pea sized conical mass of the brain which controls Melatonin secretions:

Answer 4

Pineal gland

Question 5

Meninges consist of three membrane like layers:

Answer 5

1. Pia Mater
2. Arachnoid
3. Dura mater

Question 6

Function of the meninges:

Answer 6

Encompasses and protects the brain and spinal cord.

Question 7

Connects the occipital tubercle to mastoid air cells:

Answer 7

Transverse sinus

Question 8

Connects the third and fourth ventricles:

Answer 8

Aqueduct of Sylvius

Question 9

Cave like structure found along the midline of the brain and connects both the right and left hemispheres of the brain:

Answer 9

Corpus Callosum

Question 10

Clinical concerns for MRI brain

Answer 10

Brain tumor and lesions
Stroke, post trauma injuries, headaches
Multiple sclerosis
Hormonal and congenital disorders
Meningitis
Arnold Chiari Malformation

Question 11

Arnold Chiari Malformation

Answer 11

Inferior extension to the cerebellar tonsil though the Foramen Magnum

Question 12

Cranial Nerves

Answer 12

“On Old Olympus’ Towering Top A Fin And A German Viewed Some Hops”

CN I - Olfactory nerve - smell
CN II - Optic nerve - sight
CN III - Oculomotor nerve - movement of optics
CN IV - Trochlear nerve - eye movement
CN V - Trigeminal nerve - muscular facial movements
CN VI - Abducens nerve - eye movement
CN VII - Facial nerve - taste, facial movements (Bells Palsy)
CN VIII - Auditory Vestibulocochlear nerve - auditory
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve - Gag reflex, pharynx, tongue
CN X - Vagus nerve - peripheral nervous system, GI tract
CN XI - Spinal Accessory nerve - head and shoulder movement
CN XII - Hypoglossal nerve - swallowing, speech

Question 13

The shell - like structure found medial to the Tympanic Membrane:

Answer 13

Cochlea

Question 14

Transfers sound to the Vestibulocochlear nerve CN VIII:

Answer 14

Cochlea

Question 15

Slow growing benign tumor due to an over production of Schwann cells

Answer 15

Vestibular (Acoustic) Neuroma

Question 16

Feeling of constant spinning

Answer 16

Vertigo

Question 17

The feeling of constant ringing in the ear

Answer 17

Tinnitus

Question 18

Are Cochlear Implants MRI safe?

Answer 18

NO

Question 19

Small gland which produces and secretes growth hormone (gH)

Answer 19

Pituitary gland

Question 20

Sits within the Sella Turcica

Answer 20

Pituitary gland

Question 21

Rare disease caused by uncontrollable and overproduction of gH after puberty in the pituitary gland.

Answer 21

Acromegaly

Question 22

Hormone secreted by the pituitary which stimulates maturation of follicle development in women.

Answer 22

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Question 23

Small “stalk-like” structure, connects the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary gland.

Answer 23

Infundibulum

Question 24

Fluid that is found anterior to the lens

Answer 24

Aqueous Humor

Question 25

Fluid found posterior to the lens

Answer 25

Vitreous Humor

Question 26

An increase in aqueous/vitreous humor will cause a painful, pressurized condition:

Answer 26

Glaucoma

Question 27

CN II Optic nerve connects the posterior eye to the brain at the __________

Answer 27

Optic Chiasm

Question 28

Cranial nerve present in the area between the posterior eye and brain.

Answer 28

CN III Oculomotor Nerve

Question 29

Allow vision the adjustment in dark environments

Answer 29

Rods

Question 30

Allow the ability to see in lighted environments

Answer 30

Cones

Question 31

Scleral buckle surgical repair for retinal detachment; MR safe?

Answer 31

Yes

Question 32

The anterior aspect of COW is composed of the most superior aspects of:

Answer 32

Right and left internal carotid arteries

Question 33

The posterior aspect of COW is composed of the conjoining of the ______ and ______ which is called the _______

Answer 33

Right and left vertebral arteries, basilar artery

Question 34

The vertebral arteries pass through both:

Answer 34

Foramen magnum and Vertebral Foramina

Question 35

Due to the utilization of 2D TOF imaging, is contrast used to perform an MRA Brain?

Answer 35

No contrast

Question 36

For proper venous saturation to be achieved on a Brain MRA, placing a ________ sat band must be employed

Answer 36

Superior

Question 37

The large superficial vein traveling along the superior/posterior border of the brain is called the:

Answer 37

Superior Sagittal Sinus

Question 38

The Superior Sagittal Sinus bifurcates laterally at the base of the brain into the:

Answer 38

Transverse Venous Sinus

Question 39

For proper arterial saturation to be achieved on a Brain MRV, placing a _______ sat band must be employed.

Answer 39

Inferior

Question 40

The formation of blood clots in the venous structures of the brain causing obstruction and eventual infarction of the brain

Answer 40

Cerebral Venous Thrombosis or Venous Sinus Thrombosis

Question 41

The abnormal connection between arterial/venous vascularity:

Answer 41

AVM or Arteriovenous Malformation

Question 42

When using 2D TOF imaging for MRV Brain, in-plane suppress of venous structures can mimic:

Answer 42

Stenotic/absences of blood presence in the brain. Reviewing source data or utilization of PCA is advised for true data.