9 Phylas Part 1 Flashcards by SooDae Unknown

The animal kingdom is composed of how many species?

Over 1.1 million named species

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The animal kingdom is in groups called?

Phyla (singular form of phylum)

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Characteristics::::
What kind of symmetry

Radial symmetry or Asymmetric

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Asexual

Baby sponge buds off the side and eventually breaks off

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Sexual

Gametes from male sponge released into water; finds female (fertilization happens inside of female)

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Phylum Porifera(the sponges)
Name the three groups

1.) Asconoid sponges(simplest)
2.) Syconoid sponges(medium)
3.) Leuconoid sponges(most complex)

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Characteristics::::
Oxygen is taken in by?

Simple diffusion

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Characteristics::::
Filter feeders-??

No specific digestive organs

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Skeletal structure

Protein/collagen fibers with calcium or silicon crystalline spicules

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Phylum Cnidaria

Corals jellyfish sea anemones

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Cnidarias phylum is what kind of symmetry

Radial or biradial

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Phylum Cnidaria do they have respiratory organs yes or no

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Cniadarias have 1 opening for

Food ingestion and waste excretion

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Nematocysts

Aka cnidoblasts; specialized stinging cells used to capture and subdue prey

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2 body types for the Cnidaria phylum

Medusa-free swimming
Polp-non moving

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Reproduction:
Hermaphroditic-??

Produce both male and female gametes

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Reproduction for Cnidarians
Asexual
Sexual

Budding -small buds are formed on adults
External fertilization

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5 classes

Hydrozoa-hydra
Scyphozoa-jellyfish
Anthozoa-coral and sea anemone
Cubozoa-box jellyfish
Staurozoa-stalked jellyfish

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Cephalization

the concentration of nervous structures and functions at one end of the body, in particular the head.

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Cuticle

Thickened body covering

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Pseudocoelomate

Intermediate body cavity (tube within a tube)

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Cerebral ganglia

Nerve bundle (brain like)

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Setae

External bristle like hairs on each segment

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Septa

Internal walls separating each segment

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Citellum

Saddle secretes a tube of mucus (cocoon) to encase the fertilized eggs

Bivalves

Clams, mussels, oysters

Gastropods

Snails, slugs

Cephalopods

Octopus,cuttlefish

Mantle

Thin membrane that secretes material needed to make the shells

Radula

Spiny type of tongue used for feeding

Chromatophores

Special cells on the surface; can change colors + textures

Ink sac

For defense against predators

Hectocotylus

Modified arm of the male

Cnidarias animals

Corals jellyfish sea anemones

Platymintyes animals

Flukes planarians and tapeworms

Nematodas animals

Roundworms

Annelidas animals

Segmented worms or earthworms

Molluscas animals

Snails octopus and clams

Arthropodas animals

Centipedes millipedes Spiders Crustaceans

Echniodermatas animals

Seastars Cucumbers Urchins

Exoskeleton

External skeleton

Book lungs

Mix of gills and lungs used to breath

Regeneration

Growing new body parts from broken or lost ones

Madreporit / sieve plate

Water enters vascular system

Ring canal

Surrounds mouth and leads to the radial canals

Radial canals

5 total - one on each arm

Ampulla

Muscular sac that controls the tube feet by forcing water into it

Tube feet

Create suction to adhere to surfaces

Chordatas animals

Mammals birds fish amphibians

Notochord

Spinal chord or nerve card

Ectothermic Endothermic

Cold blooded Warm blooded

Swim bladder

Helps with buoncancy

Bony fish

Skeleton made of bones Trout and tuna as example

Cartilaginous fish

Skeleton made of flexible cartilage Sharks

Jawless fish

Eel like fish no jaw , like a sucker mouth

Gills

Respiration by absorbing oxygen and passing it to the blood stream

Scales

Outside skin for fish

Spawning

External fertilization Gametes release in water

Fry

Young fish Usually on their own

Arteries

Carry oxygen rich blood to body

Veins

Carry oxygen poor blood to the heart

Ventricle

Pump blood to body

Atria

Receives blood into heart is singular

Amniotic eggs

Contain yoked to nourish, developing young

Gizzard

Grinds food

Crop

Storage sac for food

Down feathers

Soft fluffy feathers that lie next to the birds body keeps warm

Contour feathers

Stiff

Monogamous

Birds that mate for life

Polygamous

Have several mates

Nests

Most birds build for eggs

Brooding

Sit on eggs to keep warm

Monotremes

Primitive egg, laying mammal

Marsupials

Young are born in an extremely immature state and raised in a pouch

Placental mammals

Fetus carried, and the mom’s uterus were nourished by a placenta until the birth of fully developed offspring occurs

9 Phylas Part 1 Flashcards

(75 cards)