3.3 Nutrition and Energy Systems

Question 1

Components of a generalized animal cell

Answer 1

• Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Mitochondrion
• Nucleus
• Ribosome
• Lysosomes
• Golgi Apparatus

Question 2

Components of Mitochondrion Structure

Answer 2

• Cristae
• Matrix
• inner Membrane

Question 3

Cell Respiration

Answer 3

Metabolic Pathway that breaks down glucose and produces ATP

Question 4

How does ATP lose a phosphate

Answer 4

When ATP is formed and called upon to release energy

- When combined with water the third phosphate group bond is broken and energy is released

Question 5

ATP in muscle contraction

Answer 5

ATP bind to the myosin head causes the cross-bridge linkage to release from actin filaments

Question 6

Re-Synthesis of ATP

Answer 6

-Breakdown of creatine phosphate molecule allows for the amount of energy required to rejoin the Phosphate and ADP molecule to form ATP

Question 7

Anaerobic Glycolysis

Answer 7

Glycolisis–> Breakdown of glucose to produce ATP

Lactic Acid System= 2 ATP molecules per glucose but produces lactic acid in the process

Question 8

Production of ATP by Lactic acid system

Answer 8

• anaerobic Glycolysis
• Breakdown of pyruvate without the use of oxygen
• Pyruvate is converted into lactic acid which limits the amount of ATP produced (two ATP)

Question 9

Production of ATP from glucose (aerobic system)

Answer 9

• Presence of Oxygen, creates pyruvate
• Enters the Krebs cycle
• Liberates electrons, passed through electron transport change producing ATP

Question 10

Production of ATP by fatty acids

Answer 10

Fats are broken down by Beta oxidation

-releases large # of electrons=more ATP