Extra Flashcards
Porch
(N.)
(BrE) An entrance covered by a roof outside the front door of a house or church
(AmE) A structure built onto the front or back entrance of a house, with a floor and a roof but no walls
Bougie
(N.)
A thin, flexible surgical instrument for exploring or dilating a passage of the body
Anchovy
(N.)
An anchovy is a small, common forage fish of the family Engraulidae. Most species are found in marine waters, but several will enter brackish water, and some in South America are restricted to fresh water.
Anchovy pizza
Swing
(N.)
A seat hanging from ropes or chains, usually used by children to play on by moving it forwards and backwards using their legs
A curved movement made with your arm, leg etc
A noticeable change in opinions or emotions
swing to/towards/between etc
Hereditary
(Adj.)
A quality or illness that is hereditary is passed from a parent to a child before the child is born
>genetic
(BrE) A hereditary position, rank, or title can be passed from an older to a younger person in the same family, usually when the older one dies
➔ inherit
Hatred
(N.)
Angry feeling of extreme dislike for someone or something OPP love hatred of/for/towards passionate/intense/deep etc hatred
Dozen
Number
plural dozen or dozens
written abbreviation doz.
twelve
two/three/four etc dozen =24, 36, 48 etc
dozens of people/companies/cars etc =but not hundreds or thosands
(informal) a lot of
a dozen
dozens of something
Refuel
(V.)
refuelled, refuelling (BrE), refueled, refueling (AmE)
To fill a plane or vehicle with fuel before continuing a journey
To make feelings, emotions, or ideas stronger
Insult
(N.)
A remark or action that is offensive or deliberately rude
Be an insult to somebody’s intelligence
to offend someone by being too simple or stupid
Anecdote
(N.)
A short story based on your personal experience
Align
(V.)
To publicly support a political group, country, or person that you agree with
align yourself with somebody/something
Arrange things so that they form a line or are parallel to each other, or to be in a position that forms a line etc
Organize or change something so that it has the right relationship to something else
align with
Intention
(N.)
A plan or desire to do something
intend
have no/every intention of doing something
intention to do something
good intentions/the best (of) intentions =intentions to do something good or kind, especially when you do not succeed in doing it
⚠ Do not say that someone has no intention to do something. Say that someone has no intention of doing something
Boujee
Boujee is hip-hop slang for something “luxurious in lifestyle yet humble in character,”
Ticked off
(Adj.)
(AmE) angry or annoyed
Mark’s ticked off with me for some reason.
Out of it
(informal)
a)Slightly unhappy because you feel different from the rest of a group of people and cannot share their fun, conversation etc
I felt a bit out of it because I was the only one who couldn’t speak French.
b)Unable to think clearly because you are tired or drunk, or have taken drugs
You were really out of it last night. What were you drinking
Get out of my face
(spoken) (informal)
Used to tell someone in an impolite way to go away because they are annoying you
Chill out
(informal)
To relax completely instead of feeling angry, tired, or nervous
Hold it Just chill for a second, won’t you
I spent the afternoon chilling out in front of the TV
What’s eating somebody
(spoken)
Used to ask why someone seems annoyed or upset
What’s eating Sally today?
Blow
(informal)
To lose a good opportunity by making a mistake or by being careless
We’ve blown our chances of getting that contract.
You’ve got a great future ahead of you. Don’t blow it
I blew the final
Bent out of shape
(AmE) (spoken)
very angry or upset
Draw a blank
(informal)
To be unsuccessful in finding information or the answer to a problem
All his investigations have drawn a blank so far
Freak out
phrasal verb
(informal)
To become very anxious, upset, or afraid, or make someone very anxious, upset, or afraid
People just freaked out when they heard the news.
freak somebody out
The whole idea freaked me out
Ace
(V.)
(AmE) (informal)
To do very well in an examination, a piece of written work etc
I aced the History test.
To hit your first shot in tennis or volleyball so well that your opponent cannot reach the ball
What’s her face?
I forgot her name
Kiss up to somebody
Phrasal verb
(AmE) (informal)
To try to please someone in order to get them to do something for you – used to show disapproval
SYN suck up to (BrE)
If you say that, it’ll look like youre kissing up to me
Give me/it a break
(spoken)
Used when you want someone to stop doing or saying something that is annoying you
Can’t stand
(spoken)
Used to say that you do not like someone or something at all, or that you think that something is extremely unpleasant
SYN can’t bear
I can’t stand bad manners.
I know he can’t stand the sight of me.
can’t stand somebody/something doing something
Lily can’t stand working in an office.
I can’t stand people smoking around me when Im eating.
can’t stand to do something
She can’t stand to hear them arguing
Dweeb
(N.)
(AmE) (informal)
Someone who is weak, slightly strange, and not popular or fashionable
Cut class/school
(AmE) (informal)
To deliberately not go to a class that you should go to She started cutting classes.
Teacher’s pet
(N.)
(informal) A child who everyone thinks is the teacher’s favourite student and is therefore disliked by the other students
Laid-back
(Adj.)
Relaxed and seeming not to be worried about anything
OPP uptight
I don’t know how you can be so laid-back about your exams.
laid-back attitude/manner/approach etc
He is famed for his laid-back attitude.
Get away with something
Phrasal verb
To not be caught or punished when you have done something wrong
Watch Frank – he’ll cheat if he thinks he can get away with it.
No one insults my family and gets away with it
get away with murder (informal): to not be punished for doing something wrong
Some of those children get away with murder
To receive only a small punishment for something
The charge was reduced to manslaughter, and she got away with three years in prison.
To do something without experiencing any problems or difficulties, even though it is not the best thing to do
At school he had always got away with doing the bare minimum amount of work.
The colour’s not quite right, but I think you’ll get away with it
Rub somebody up the wrong way
(BrE)
Rub somebody the wrong way
(AmE)
(informal)
To annoy someone by the things you say or do, usually without intending to
Hots
(N.)
have/get the hots for somebody: (informal) to be sexually attracted to someone
Deadly/Dead serious
Definitly not joking
She sounded dead serious
Go (spoken) (informal)
To say something
I asked her what she meant and she just went, Don’t ask
Gross
(Adj.)
A gross sum of money is the total amount before any tax or costs have been taken away
>net
gross income/salary/pay etc
a family with gross earnings of just £75 per week
A gross weight is the total weight of something, including its wrapping
Clearly wrong and unacceptable
gross negligence/misconduct etc
soldiers accused of gross violations of human rights
gross indecency =the crime of doing something that is sexually offensive
(spoken) Very unpleasant to look at or think about
SYN disgusting
Ooh, gross I hate spinach
(informal) Extremely fat and unattractive
grossly adverb
Lambert was grossly overweight.
grossness noun
Get out of here!
You’ve got to be joking!
Gag me!
That makes me sick!
What/Who is he TO you?
This would be asking about the relationship between a man and someone being asked the question by a third party. So you will often see cops asking people they arrest about the third party in the car “What is he to you.” Essentially meaning what is your relationship to this person.
❌“what is he for you” is possibly grammatically correct but it is not something I have ever really heard and it just sounds odd❌
Long face
(Adj.)
A sad or disappointed expression on someone’s face
Pick on somebody/something
Phrasal verb
(spoken)
To behave in an unfair way to someone, for example by blaming them or criticizing them unfairly
Why don’t you pick on someone else for a change
Don’t pick on! =! گیر نده
(BrE) To choose a particular person or thing
Just pick on one job and try to get that finished
Fast/Immediate friends
(literary)
Two people who are very friendly for a long time
Thick-skinned
(Adj.)
Not easily offended by other people’s criticism or insults
OPP thin-skinned
a thick-skinned insurance salesman
Talk back
Phrasal verbto
Answer someone in authority such as a teacher or parent in a rude or impolite way
all children talk back and act up from time to time
Big deal
(N.)
(spoken)
Used to say that you do not think something is as important as someone else thinks it is
It’s just a game. If you lose, big deal.
What’s the big deal It’s only a birthday, not the end of the world.
It’s no big deal. Everybody forgets things sometimes.
An important or exciting event or situation
This audition is a big deal for Joey.
make a big deal of/out of/about something:
to get too excited or upset about something, or make something seem more important than it is
I know Im probably making a big deal out of nothing, but Im worried about you
How dare you
(spoken)
Said to show that you are very angry and shocked about what someone has done or said
How dare you accuse me of lying!
چطور جرأت میکنی!
Pity
(N.)
A pity (spoken)
Used to show that you are disappointed about something and you wish things could happen differently
SYN shame
•(it’s) a pity (that)
It’s a pity that he didn’t accept the job.
It’s a great pity Joyce wasn’t invited.
I like Charlie. Pity he had to marry that awful woman.
A pity we can’t find the guy who did it.
•what/that’s a pity
Are you married? No. What a pity.
•it’s a pity to do something
It would be a pity to give up now – you’ve nearly finished.
Sympathy for a person or animal who is suffering or unhappy
>piteous, pitiable, pitiful, pitiless
•pity for
He looked exhausted, but Marie felt no pity for him.
I listened to Jason’s story with pity.
I hated the thought of being an object of pity =someone who other people feel sorry for.
•take/have pity on somebody =feel sorry for someone and treat them with sympathy
He sounded so upset that Leah started to take pity on him.
What a pity! !چقدر حیف
Ahead of/Behind time
Earlier or later than the time when something happens, should be done etc
Prepare what you plan to say in the meeting ahead of time =before the meeting.
The train left twenty minutes behind time =after it should have left
On account of something
Because of something else, especially a problem or difficulty
She was told to wear flat shoes, on account of her back problem
Let something go
a)To not punish or criticize someone for something they have done wrong
OK, Ill let it go this time.
b)To stop worrying or thinking too much about something
It’s time to let the past go. بیخیال شو
c) (informal) To sell something for a particular amount
let something go for £20/$200 etc
I couldn’t let it go for less than £300
Be up to somebody
a)Used to say that someone can decide about something
You can pay weekly or monthly – it’s up to you.
b)Used to say that someone is responsible for a particular duty
It’s up to the travel companies to warn customers of any possible dangers
Second helping
(N.)
(plural second helpings)
A second portion of the same thing, usually of food; seconds; refill.
He had already eaten six sausages, but that did not stop him reaching for a second helping.
Bottom line
(N.)
The bottom line: Used to tell someone what the most important part of a situation is, or what the most important thing to consider is
In radio, you have to keep the listener listening. That’s the bottom line.
The profit or the amount of money that a business makes or loses
The least amount of money that you are willing to accept in a business deal
bottom-line adjective
Financial
(Adj.)
Relating to money or the management of money
financial transactions
financial assistance
a financial advisor
Organic farmers should be encouraged with financial incentives.
It was a wonderful film, but not exactly a financial success =something that makes a profit.
financial difficulties/problems/crisis
financially adv
economically/commercially/financially viable
He was successful and financially secure.
Is the project financially viable?
Put somebody/something off
Phrasal verb
put something ↔ off
To delay doing something or to arrange to do something at a later time or date, especially because there is a problem or you do not want to do it now
SYN delay, procrastinate
put off doing something
The match has been put off until tomorrow because of bad weather.
I put off going to the doctor but I wish I hadn’t
put somebody ↔ off (BrE)
To make you dislike something or not want to do something
put somebody off (doing) something
Don’t let the restaurant’s decor put you off – the food is really good.
Don’t let your failures put you off trying harder
put somebody off
To make someone wait because you do not want to meet them, pay them etc until later
SYN stall
When he calls, put him off as long as you can.
put somebody off (something) (BrE)
to make it difficult for someone to pay attention to what they are doing by talking, making a noise, moving etc
It puts me off when you watch me all the time.
put somebody off something (BrE)
To let someone leave a vehicle at a particular place
I’ll put you off at the supermarket
Pressed
(Adj.)
be pressed for time/money etc:
to not have enough time, money etc
Job description
(N.)
An official list of the work and responsibilities that you have in your job
Traffic congestion
(N.)
When the roads are full of traffic
efforts to cut traffic congestion
Take priority
(V.)
Become the most important thing
Winning the war took priority over everything else
take priority over something
Despite taking priority over this subject, we fail to do that.
Don’t get me wrong
(spoken)
Used when you think someone may understand your remarks wrongly, or be offended by them
Don’t get me wrong – I like Jenny
Half-baked
(Adj.)
(informal)
A half-baked idea, suggestion, plan etc has not been properly planned
He’s always coming out with these half-baked ideas which will never work.
Get rid of something/somebody
(Adj)
a)To throw away or destroy something you do not want any more
It’s time we got rid of all these old toys.
Governments should be encouraged to get rid of all nuclear weapons.
b) To take action so that you no longer have something unpleasant that you do not want
I can’t get rid of this cough.
He opened the windows to get rid of the smell.
c) To make someone leave because you do not like them or because they are causing problems
Are you trying to get rid of me
It can be difficult for schools to get rid of poor teachers
In terms of something
If you explain or describe something in terms of a particular fact or event, you are explaining or
describing it only in relation to that fact or event
describe/measure/evaluate etc something in terms of something
Femininity is still defined in terms of beauty.
It’s a mistake to think of Florida only in terms of its tourist attractions.
It’s too early to start talking in terms of casualties.
in terms of what/how/who etc
Did the experiment find any differences in terms of what children learned
In view of something
(formal)
Used to introduce the reason for a decision or action
In view of his conduct, the club has decided to suspend him.
به دلیل
Roam
(V.)
To walk or travel, usually for a long time, with no clear purpose or direction
>wander
•roam over/around/about etc
The dogs are allowed to roam around.
Chickens and geese roam freely in the back yard.
You shouldn’t let your children roam the streets.
•roam the countryside/desert/forests etc
Wild sheep roam the hills.
If your eyes roam over something, you look slowly at all parts of it
Her eyes roamed the room.
•roam over
His eyes roamed over the bookshelves.
Wacky
Whacky
(Adj.)
(informal)
Silly in an exciting or amusing way
SYN crazy
a wonderfully wacky idea
wackiness noun
Grumpy
(Adj.)
Bad-tempered and easily annoyed
SYN irritable
Mina’s always a bit grumpy first thing in the morning.
grumpily adverb
grumpiness noun
Slay
(V.)
(past tense slew, past participle slain)
(literary) To kill someone – used especially in newspapers
(AmE) (spoken informal) To amuse someone a lot
slayer noun
Amok
Amuk
(Adv.)
Run amok:
a)To suddenly behave in a very violent and uncontrolled way
Drunken troops ran amok in the town.
b)To get out of control and cause a lot of problems
an age in which global capitalism has run amok
Viola
(N.)
A wooden musical instrument that you play like a violin but that is larger and has a lower sound
A plant related to the violet
Daredevil
(N.)
Someone who likes doing dangerous things
daredevil adjective
Geek
(N.)(informal)
Someone who is not popular because they wear unfashionable clothes, do not know how to behave in social situations, or do strange things
SYN nerd
a computer geek
geeky adjective
Enthusiast
(N.)
Someone who is very interested in a particular activity or subject
•baseball/outdoors/sailing etc enthusiast
a keep-fit enthusiast
•enthusiast for
an enthusiast for the latest management thinking
Burrito
(N.)
(plural burritos)
A Mexican dish made with a (tortilla =flat thin bread) folded around meat or beans with cheese
Remove an obstacle
Opening the border removed all obstacles to trade and travel between the two countries
برداشتن مانع موانع
The volume of traffic
The new ring road will reduce the volume of traffic through the village
حجم ترافیک
Owing to
Preposition
(formal) Because of something
Owing to a lack of funds, the project will not continue next year.
Flight BA213 has been delayed owing to fog.
Fond
(Adj.)
Be fond of somebody:To like someone very much, especially when you have known them for a long time and almost feel love for them
Joe’s quite fond of her, isn’t he
Be fond of doing something:To like something, especially something you have liked for a long time
Im not overly fond of cooking.
Be fond of doing something:To do something often, especially something that annoys other people
My grandfather was very fond of handing out advice to all my friends.
A fond look, smile, action etc shows you like someone very much
SYN affectionate
He gave her a fond look.
Have fond memories of something/somebody:
To remember someone or something with great pleasure
Marie still had fond memories of their time together.
A fond hope/belief:A belief or hope that something will happen, which seems silly because it is very unlikely to happen
in the fond hope/belief that
They sent him to another school in the fond hope that his behaviour would improve.
fondness noun
a fondness for expensive clothes
From where I stand
(spoken)
According to what I know or feel
I knew from where I stood that the stocks were practically worthless
In the not too distant future
Quite soon
We’re expecting a final decision in the not too distant future
Put on a brave face/front
To pretend that you are happy when you are really very upset
Authorities are just putting on a brave face, as if nothing has happened
Be beyond/past description
To be too good, bad, big etc to be described easily
The death and destruction were beyond description
Touched
(Adj.)
Feeling happy and grateful because of what someone has done
•touched by
We were deeply touched by their present.
•touched that
Cathryn was touched that Sarah had come to see her off.
(informal) Slightly crazy
Come in handy
Be useful
Take your swimming trunks with you – they might come in handy
Analogous
(Adj.) (formal)
Similar to another situation or thing so that a comparison can be made
analogous to/with
The report’s findings are analogous with our own
Solar energy
(N.)
The water pump is powered by solar energy.
Wind power
(N.)
Energy produced by the wind
Is wind power the answer to the energy crisis?
Natural gas
(N.)
Gas used for heating and lighting, taken from under the earth or under the sea
Coal
(N.)
A hard black mineral which is dug out of the ground and burnt to produce heat
Put some coal on the fire
A piece of coal, especially one that is burning
Red hot coals glowed in the grate.
(AmE) A piece of wood or coal that is burning
>charcoal
Grill over hot coals for two minutes
Blessed month of ramadan
(N.)
The ninth month of the Muslim year, during which Muslims do not eat or drink anything during the day while it is light
ماه مبارک رمضان
Dawn
(N.)
The time at the beginning of the day when light first appears
SYN daybreak
>dusk
•at dawn
The boats set off at dawn.
When dawn broke (=the first light of the day appeared), we were still 50 miles from Calcutta.
I was up at the crack of dawn (=very early in the morning) to get the plane.
We worked from dawn to dusk (=through the whole day while it is light.)
the cold light of dawn
Get up before dawn
قبل از سحر بیدار شدن
