Kidney Diseases

Question 0

What the best way to diagnosis Nephronia ?

Answer 0

1-CT

2-Ultrasound

Question 1

The definition of Nephronia

Answer 1

Intermediate stage between inflammation and abscess .

Started from interstitial pyelonephritis .

Question 2

Urinalysis ,when will we consider it significant ?

Answer 2

1->1000 suprapubic sample
2->100000 medstream urine (asympyomatic)
>10000 (symptomatic).

Question 3

What are the diseases caused by nephrogenic strains of group A B-heolytic streptococci ?

Answer 3

1-skin (impetigo).

2-pharyngitis .

Question 4

HUS: hemolysis evidence on peripheral smear.

Answer 4

1-helmet cells.
2-burr cells .
3-schistocytes.

Question 5

Henoch-Schonlein purpura :

Signs and Symptoms

Answer 5

1-Vasculitis .
2-Petechial rash on lower extremities( platelet count is normal)
3-Microscopic blood in stool/urine.
4-Colicky pain + fever .

Question 6

Heme positive urine test will be in the following :

Answer 6

1-Myoglobinuria( rhabdomyolysis) .

2-Hemoglobinuria ( hemolysis ).

Question 7

Epididymitis:

Symptoms ?

Answer 7

1-Gradual pain 
2-Testicle in normal vertical position
3-Warmth, redness , scrotal swelling 
4-Pain posterior 
5-Prehn sign( relief pain upon elevation) .

Question 8

HSP: the locations of the rash ?

Answer 8

Extensor surfaces of the extremities.

The face , palms, soles, and trunk are less affected .

Question 9

Varicocele:

Signs and Symptoms

Answer 9

1-Painless, paratesticular mass.
2-Bag of worms . Left side
3-dilatation of pampiniform plexus.
4->10 years .

Question 10

Goodpasture syndrome :

Signs .

Answer 10

1-Pulmonary hemorrhage
2-Glomerulonephritis .
“ Rare in children “

Question 11

Alport syndrome :

Signs and Symptoms

Answer 11

X-linked hereditary
1-Deafness 
2-Glomerulonephritis 
3-Ocular lesion (extrusion of lens) 
3
4-Family history of renal problems .

Question 12

Oligohydramnios:

Problems associated with ?

Answer 12

1-Clubfoot
2-Pulmonary hypoplasia
3-IUGR
4-Renal problems 
5-Potter sequence .

Question 13

Nephrotic syndrome :

Signs and symptoms ?

Answer 13

1-High cholesterol .
2-High triglyceride.

3-Proteinuria (>2g/24h) .Albumine low .
4-Periorbital edema (morning).
5-Scrotal edema (day time).

Question 14

Bartter Syndrome

Answer 14

1-Autosomal recessive .
2-Alkalosis .
3-Hypokalemia, hypercalciuria, hyperreninemia, hyperaldosteronism.
4-Presentation 6-12months
5-Failure to thrive, polyuria, polydipsia, weakness.
6-Constipation.

Question 15

Berger (IgA nephropathy)

Answer 15

1-Most common chronic Glomerulonephritis .
2-IgA is in Mesangium.
3-Hematuria.