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Geography > Gr11 Development Terminology > Flashcards

Gr11 Development Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Brandt Line

A

A line that divides the richer north from the poorer south. The line is not parallel to the equator.

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2
Q

Commodity

A

An item of economic value, that countries trade in large quantities.

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3
Q

Core & periphery model

A

A development model that suggests that economic growth is concentrated in a dominant core and a less developed periphery depends on the core. Over time development diffuses from core to periphery eventually developing the periphery.

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4
Q

Development

A

Development involves the efficient use of resources to improve the standard of living and the quality of life of people.

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5
Q

Demographic indicators

A

Statistics about the population.

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6
Q

Economic development

A

The development of a countries wealth.

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7
Q

Economic indicators

A

Indicators that measure the amount of wealth in a society.

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8
Q

Environmental Sustainability

A

Long-term maintenance of ecosystems and their natural functions for future generations.

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9
Q

Fair trade

A

Trade that supports farmers in LEDCs by paying fair prices and encouraging social and environmental development in their communities

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10
Q

Free trade

A

Trade that occurs without any restrictions

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11
Q

GDP (Gross domestic product)

A

Total value of Goods & Services produced by a country in one year (territory based).

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12
Q

Globalisation

A

It is the ever increasing global connectivity, integration and interdependence of countries on each other.

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13
Q

GNI (Gross national product)

A

GDP plus income earned by a country’s citizens/corporations abroad.

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14
Q

GDP Per Capita

A

The total value of all the goods and services produced by a country in a year, divided by the total population of that country.

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15
Q

Gini-coefficient

A

An economic indicator that reflects income distribution in a population.

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16
Q

HDI

A

A tool developed by the United Nations to measure and rank countries’ levels of social and economic development based on certain indicators: Life expectancy, education, and income indices.

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17
Q

Indicators of development

A

Indicators are statistics that allow us to compare development levels of different countries.

18
Q

Industrial Growth

A

When the secondary economic sector grows and expands. More factories are built and more products are made. Wealth is gained through manufacturing activities.

19
Q

Infant Mortality Rate

A

Probability of dying between birth and exactly one year of age expressed per 1,000 live births.

20
Q

International trade

A

International trade is the trade of goods and services across borders.

21
Q

LEDC

A

Less Economically Developed Country.
A country with low levels of economic development. Indicators of lack of development include high birth, death, and infant mortality rates.

22
Q

Life Expectancy

A

The age until which a person is expected to live.

23
Q

Macro-scale development

A

Large scale continental/country based or global development.

24
Q

MEDC

A

More Economically Developed Countries.
A country with high levels of economic development. Indicators of development include low birth, death, and infant mortality rates

25
Q

Micro-scale development

A

Small scale community or local level development.

26
Q

Newly Industrialised Countries

A

A term used by political scientists and economists to describe a country whose level of economic development ranks it somewhere between the developing and first-world classifications. These countries have moved away from an agriculture-based economy and into a more industrialized, urban economy.

27
Q

Quality of life

A

(QOL) is the general well-being of individuals and societies.

28
Q

Quota

A

Restrictions on the number of foreign products that can enter a country.

29
Q

Rostow’s model of development

A

A model of development that suggests that all countries have the potential to develop through five linear stages of growth. Development is only perceived as economic growth.

30
Q

Social development

A

Development that focuses on ways living conditions can be improved.

31
Q

Social indicators

A

Indicators that shows people’s quality of life.

32
Q

Standard of Living

A

The level of wealth, comfort, material goods and necessities available to a certain socioeconomic class in a certain geographic area.

33
Q

Subsidies

A

A country’s government may give financial support to one of its own industries. The government is sharing the production costs of the commodity keeping its prices lower than imported products.

34
Q

Sustainable development

A

Development that meets current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

35
Q

Sustainable development model

A

A model of development that aims to incorporate Economic and Social development without harming the environment.

36
Q

Terms of Trade

A

The value (price) of a country’s exports relative to that of its imports.

37
Q

Tariff

A

A type of tax placed on imported goods, resulting in the goods being sold for more than local products. Can generate income for the government.

38
Q

Trade

A

The exchange of goods, services, capital, labour and information between two parties.

39
Q

Trade barriers

A

Countries implement trade policies to help control trade and protect local businesses and industries.

40
Q

Trade bloc

A

A group of countries that have agreed to trade with each other.

41
Q

Transnational/multinational corporation

A

Large companies operating in countries around the world.

42
Q

Value added goods

A

Natural resources that have been processed into a semi-finished or finished product.

Geography (5 decks)

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