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Yr 11 SOR 2 > Islam > Flashcards

Islam Flashcards

1
Q

Scene of Pre-Islamic Arabia

A
  • Desert region
  • Trade
  • Mecca was most important city  presence of Ka’bah and Hajj
  • Hanif’s would go reflect and meditate in caves  find purity
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2
Q

Who is Muhammad?

A
  • Seal of prophets (last one)
  • Founder of Islam  received revelations from God over 23 years (messenger)
  • Earned a reputation for being Alamin (trustworthy) and a settler of disputes
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3
Q

Why is Muhammad a role model?

A
  • Looked up to as what Muslims should aim to model in order to become good Muslims
  • Prime example of one who submits themselves to Allah
  • Hadith is used to learn from wisdom and actions of the prophet
  • Great, distinguished leader
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4
Q

6 Principal beliefs

A

Tawhid, Maliki (angels), Qur’an, Rusul, Akhira and Al-Qadar

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5
Q

Significance of Qur’an

A
  • People of book  revealed sacred word of Allah
  • Provided to Muhammad by Angel Gabriel
  • Defines belief and conduct
  • Contains ultimate guidance for mankind and gives spiritual direction
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6
Q

What is the Hadith?

A

Collection of traditions of the words and deeds of Muhammad – details how to live out the Qur’an.

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7
Q

5 Pillars

A 
Shahadah  declaration of faith
Salat  pray 5 times a day
Zakat  give 2.5% of earnings to charity
Sawm  fasting during Ramadan
Hajj  pilgrimage to Mecca
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8
Q

Importance of 5 pillars

A

• 5 pillars unite Muslim community (Ummah)
• Aim of closeness to God
Beliefs are expressed through pillars

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9
Q

Belief and Pillar Links

A
  • Tawhid & Shahadah
  • Salat & Akira
  • Zakat & Al – Qadar
  • Sawm & Al- Qadar
  • Hajj & Tawhid
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10
Q

What is Islamic Jurisprudence?

A

 Theory of law applied in a particular country

 Comprehensive and covers every area of life

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11
Q

Islamic ethics (order of importance)

A
  1. Qur’an
  2. Sunna + Hadith
  3. Ijma – consensus amongst religious leaders
  4. Qiyas – comparison with teachings of Qur’an and Hadith
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12
Q

What is Halal?

A

what is permissible under Islamic Law – largely applies to food, but applies to all aspects of life & behaviour

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13
Q

What is Haraam?

A

what is forbidden by Islamic Law – more often applied to relationships and behaviour that are unacceptable (adultery)

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14
Q

What is Tawhid?

A
  • Belief in oneness of Allah

* Marks unity and existence of God

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15
Q

What is Maliki?

A
  • Belief in angels
  • Angels are conscious beings
  • Messengers of God  the channel through which humans become aware of Allah
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16
Q

What is the Qur’an?

A
  • Belief in scripture and books of Allah
  • Muslims believe the Qu’ran is unchanged and the final book of Allah
  • Qu’ran stands apart as the final book as the reliable and complete source of Allah’s revelations.
17
Q

What is Rusul?

A
  • Role models and messengers of God’s word for Muslims (Muhammad + Abraham)
  • Muhammad is most important  seal of prophets, founder of Islam
18
Q

What is Akhira?

A
  • Belief in life after death/day of judgment
  • Live with an awareness of judgment day and are accountable for their actions
  • Allah either punishes people for their sins (Jahannam) or rewards them for their goodness (Jannah) – fate
19
Q

What is Al-Qadar?

A
  • Belief in fate/pre-destination
  • Things happen through the plan of Allah and fate is predecided
  • Allah gives human’s freewill to choose actions but ultimately their fate is pre-decided
20
Q

What is Shahadah?

A

• A person becomes a Muslim when they bear testimony to the core creed of Islam – commitment to the path of Islam

21
Q

What is Salat?

A

Pray 5 times per day
• Direct and personal communication with God in a meditative state
• Chance to break away from daily stresses

22
Q

What is Zakat?

A

give 2.5% of earnings to charity
• Money is distributed to the poor and needy
• Enables a person to detach from their wealth and develop their compassion
• Bridges gap between rich and poor

23
Q

What is Sawm?

A

fasting during Ramadan
• Muslims are required to fast consecutively for a whole month once a year
• Fasting is the best form of true thanksgiving
• Muslims go to mosque every night – establish community connection

24
Q

What is Hajj?

A
  • Pilgrimage to holy lands – Ka’bah and Mt Arafat
  • Obligatory if you can afford and are healthy – at a certain time in year (July- August)
  • Hajj connects individuals to the monotheistic, universal religion (Tawhid)
  • About forgiveness of sin
  • Ihram clothing – unites Muslim community by disregarding differences (race, gender)
25
Q

Who are the 4 rightly guided Caliphs?

A

Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali

26
Q

Sunni

A
  • Describes the practices of the Prophet and early Muslims
  • Represents 80% of Muslims today
  • Recognise there is nothing special or divine about their leaders except they have necessary skills in religious law
27
Q

Shi’a

A
  • Subscribe to Muhammad appointing Ali as his successor and therefore having centrality of authority over Islam
  • No great difference in beliefs or practice, though Shi’a stands for ‘Party of Ali’

Yr 11 SOR 2 (6 decks)

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