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Earth Science (Mine) > 9.1 and 9.2 notes > Flashcards

9.1 and 9.2 notes Flashcards

1
Q

a region on Earth’s surface in which landforms have a common origin

A

Landscape

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2
Q

shows the shape of the land (highlights various landscape regions)

A

Topography

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3
Q

the change in elevation

A

relief

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4
Q

how many major landscape regions are there?

A

3

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5
Q

how are the major landscape regions classified?

A

bedrock and elevation

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6
Q

mountains have what amount of change in elevation

A

greatest

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7
Q

mountains have

A

peaks and valleys

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8
Q

mountains are also known as

A

highlands

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9
Q

mountain bedrock is not

A

horizontal

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10
Q

mountains usually have what type of rock

A

metamorphic

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11
Q

plateaus are also known as

A

uplands

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12
Q

plateaus have what relief

A

medium relief

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13
Q

plateaus have

A

several stream valleys

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14
Q

plateaus have what type of bedrock layers

A

flat

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15
Q

plateaus have what type of rock

A

sedimentary

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16
Q

what are alleghany and catskills?

A

plateaus

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17
Q

what are the adirondacks

A

mountains

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18
Q

plains are also known as

A

lowlands

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19
Q

plains have what relief

A

little relief

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20
Q

plains have what elevation

A

low elevation

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21
Q

plains are

A

flat

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22
Q

the ____ and ____ of precipitation influence measurable landscape characteristics

A

amount and distribution

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23
Q

landscapes in arid climates have what type of soil

A

thin

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24
Q

arid landscapes with what humus

A

little humus (organic matter)

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25
Q

arid landscapes have what angles and what slopes

A

sharp angles and steep slopes

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26
Q

landscapes in moist climates have what soil

A

thick and rich soil

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27
Q

landscapes in moist have what features

A

smooth and rounded

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28
Q

softer erodes

A

faster than harder, durable rock

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29
Q

the more durable layers will form

A

the steepest slopes or cliffs

30
Q

durable rock form higher portions of a landscape like

A

plateaus, mountains, and cliffs

31
Q

the way water flows off the landscape depends on the bedrock structure

A

drainage patterns

32
Q

drainage patterns are determined by _____ join larger streams

A

tributaries or small streams

33
Q

mountainous areas, water flows in all directions

A

radial

34
Q

plateaus, folded or faulted bedrock

A

dendritic (branching)

35
Q

plains-very flat areas, water branches together

A

trellis (rectangular)

36
Q

forms when an igneous intrusion is exposed at the surface

A

annular

37
Q

all of the water that drains off a landscape region into a body of water (ocean or stream)

A

drainage basin (watershed)

38
Q

streams form what shaped valleys

A

v shaped

39
Q

glaciers form what shaped valleys

A

u shaped

40
Q

an arid landscape has what slopes with what angles

A

steep slopes with high angles

41
Q

a humid landscape has what slopes with what corners

A

steep slopes with rounded corners

42
Q

plateaus have what layers

A

flat horizontal layers

43
Q

plateaus have what elevation

A

high elevation that has been weathered

44
Q

mountains has layers that have been

A

squeezed and bent

45
Q

the result of the interaction of tectonic plates colliding and the processes of weather, erosion, and deposition

A

landforms

46
Q

what is evidence that layers have been lifted

A

fossils of marine life at high elevations

47
Q

what landscape region is Lancaster, NY

A

plateau

48
Q

all of the water on planet Earth

A

hydrosphere

49
Q

the constant movement of water among the oceans, the atmosphere, the solid Earth, and the biosphere

A

water cycle

50
Q

the process of converting liquid water to a gaseous form in the environment

A

evaporation

51
Q

the release of absorbed water by plants into the atmosphere

A

transpiration

52
Q

water vapor changing back into liquid water, clouds are formed by this

A

condensation

53
Q

droplets join together until they are too heavy any form of water that falls from a cloud

A

precipitation

54
Q

the movement of surface water into rock or soil through cracks and spaces

A

infiltration

55
Q

water that does not infiltrate flows over the land into rivers and lakes only occurs when rainfalls exceeds the earth’s ability to absorb it

A

run off

56
Q

unable to hold or contain more (full)

A

saturated

57
Q

capable of absorbing more of something

A

unsaturated

58
Q

having pores or opening that permit liquids or gases to pass through

A

permeable

59
Q

not allowing the passage (of a liquid) through it’s substance

A

impermeable

60
Q

occurs when the average precipitation over the earth equals the amount of water that evaporates

A

dynamic equillibrium

61
Q

earth has been recycling water since the

A

outgassing of water early in its history

62
Q

how is water returned from the atmosphere to earths surface

A

precipitation

63
Q

forms of precipitation

A

rain snow and sleet

64
Q

how does water return to the atmosphere

A

evaporation or transpiration from plants

65
Q

the process by which living plants release water vapor back into the atmosphere

A

transpiration

66
Q

the rate of evaporation increases when

A

surface area increases

67
Q

what increases the rate of evaporation and transpiration

A

dry hot and windy conditions

68
Q

what forms clouds

A

condensation

69
Q

water soaking into the soil

A

infiltration

70
Q

water travelling down on top of the land (in rivers and streams)

A

runoff

71
Q

source of energy for the water cycle

A

the sun

Earth Science (Mine) (10 decks)

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