Upper Limb Flashcards
Learn the location, structure and function of bones, muscles and nerves
Clavical
Location
Structure
Function
articulates with the sternoclavicular (sc) joint & the acromioclavicular (ac) joint.
Long bone, S in shape, superior surface is smooth and the inferior surface is rough for attachment of ligaments/muscles.
Connects the upper limb to the axial skeleton and holds the upper limb away form trunk for max ROM
Scapula
Location
Structure
Function
Overlies posterolateral aspect of 2nd to 7th rib, anterior aspect sits against thoracic cage.
Flat , triangle shape bone, three angles/borders (superior, inferior, lateral)
Ligament and muscle attachment, allows movement on the shoulder due to muscle attachment ( rotator cuff muscles.
Humerus
Location
Structure
Function
Between the glenohumeral joint and the elbow joint, articulates with the scapula at the GH joint and the radius/ulna at the promixal joint.
Long bone, largest of the upper limb, anatomical neck (location fused epiphysis, surgical neck ( narrowest part of the bone)
Serves as a location for muscle attachments
How do you determine which is the superior and inferior surface of the clavical
The superior surface is smooth, while the inferior is rough for muscle and ligament attachment
Difference between surgical and anatomical neck of humerus
Surgical neck is the narrowest part of the humerus
Anatomical neck is the location of the fused epiphysis
Deltoid
PA = Promixal attachment DA = Distal attachment N/S = Nerve supply A= Action
Lateral 1/3 of clavical, acromion and spine of scapula
Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
Axillary nerve
Anterior fibres: flex and medially roatates the arm
Middle fibres: abducts the arm
Posterior fibres: extends and laterally rotates the arm
Rotator cuff muscles and functions
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
All but supraspinatus rotate the humerus either internal or extrenal rotation.
Supraspinatus abducts it.
Rotator cuff provides dynamic stability
Supraspinatus
PA
DA
N/S
A
Supraspinous fossa
Superior facet of greater tubercle of the humerus
Suprascapular nerve
Shoulder abduction
Infraspinatus
PA
DA
N/S
A
Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
Middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
Suprascapular nerve
Externally (laterally) rotate the humerus
Teres minor
PA
DA
N/S
A
Middle part of the lateral border of the scapula
Inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
Axillary nerve
Externally (laterally) rotates the humerus
Subscapularis
PA
DA
N/S
A
Subscapular fossa
Lesser tubecle of the humerus
Upper and lower subscapular nerves
Internal ( medial) rotation of the humerus
Dermatomes of the upper limb
What vertebrae invervate what section of the upper arm.
C3 traps
C4 shoulder
C5 lateral aspect of arm
C6 lateral aspect of forearm and digits 1-3
C7 midline of forearm to digits 2-4
C8 medial aspect of forearm and digits 4-5
T1 medial aspect of arm
