Survey Flashcards
Whose ideological philosophy was Bolshevism based off?
Marxist philosophy
What was the name of Lenin’s theses that informed Bolshevik ideology?
April Theses
What type of vanguard did Bolshevik ideology desire?
Small, tightly organised, highly-disciplined vanguard of full-time revolutionaries to organise proletariat for revolution.
What type of dictatorship did Bolshevik ideology propose?
Dictatorship, centralised with decision-making concentrated at the highest party levels, with the government representing the majority but prepared to use force to control the minority that opposed it
What elements of worldwide (permanent) revolution did Lenin believe in?
Anticipated socialist revolutions across Europe in which Russia would play a key role Believed in a global class struggle in which the Russian ruling class would be eliminated.
Whic two slogans did the Bolsheviks use to garner support for the revolution?
“Peace, Bread and Land” and “All Power to the Soviets”
What did peace, bread and land refer to?
Peace- end the continuing war with Germany.
Bread- rectify the chronic food shortage
Land –fix the disruption in the countryside- encourage peasants to seize land
Identify two types of buildings that were overtaken during the October coup
telegraph offices and railway stations
What happened at the Storming of the Winter Palace?
Winter Palace, where Provincial Government was in session was surrounded by the Red Guard, workers and members ‘arrested’. Bolsheviks and Lenin announced fall of government and transfer of all power to the Soviets
This majority of soviets was then used to form an all-Bolshevik government- The Council of People’s Commissars (Sovnarkom)
What was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
Treaty with the Central Powers to get out of WWI
Delivered on promise of peace
What land did the Bolsheviks lose in the Treaty?
Poland, Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania and Ukraine
What did the Boslehviks lose in the Treaty?
1/3 of their population, agricultural land and industrial undertakings & most of their coal mines
Why did the Civil War begin?
Counter revolutionary forces attempted to reverse the Bolshevik revolution.
What was War Communism designed to do?
Propel Russia into socialism through the rapid industrialisation of all industry, food requisitioning from peasants & severe restrictions on the populations including food rationing and removal of currency
What does the NEP stand for?
New Economic Policy
