16: Nutrition Flashcards
What are xanthelasma palpebrarum and corneal arcus associated with?
High cholesterol
What is acanthosis nigricans associated with?
Elevated blood glucose / uncontrolled DM
Requirements for metabolic syndrome: need one of four things and two of four things… list those things
One of the following
- DM
- Impaired glucose tolerance
- Impaired fasting glucose
- Insulin resistance
Two of the following
- High BP
- Dyslipidemia
- Central obesity
- Microabluminuria
Two newborn screenings for IEMs
Heel stick + hearing screen within 24-48 hours of birth
Dihydropteridine reductase deficiency symptoms
Psychomotor delay, hypotonia, seizures, too much salivation, difficulty swallowing
Treatment for dihydropteridine reductase deficiency
BH4 and folate supplements
GALT deficiency
Can’t metabolize galactose/lactose into glucose -> galactose builds up
Symptoms of GALT deficiency
Failure to thrive, feeding difficulties, liver damage, jaundice, cataracts
Kwashiorkor vs marasum
Kwashiorkor: severe protein deficiency
Marasmus: severe protein and calorie deficiency
Symptoms of kwashiorkor
Edema of hands and feet, light-colored skin, thinning hair, distended abdomen, shiny skin, anemia, irritability, enlarged fatty liver
Symptoms of marasmus
Emaciated, chronic diarrhea, respiratory infections, intellectual disability, stunted growth, apathy, no energy
What type of anemia is caused by B12 deficiency
Megaloblastic anemia
Symptoms of B12 deficiency
Fatigue, inflammation of the tongue and decreased taste, numbness and tingling in extremities
What vitamin deficiency is associated with Crohn’s and cystic fibrosis, and why?
Vitamin E - requires fat absorption, which is impaired in those conditions
Vitamin B2 deficiency
Stomatitis, sore throat, chapped lips, rashes, bloodshot eyes, photosensitivity, anemia
