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NASM > Chapter 7, 8, 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 7, 8, 9 Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 things has research demonstrated regarding circuit training?

A

Just as beneficial as traditional cardio respiratory training;
Produces greater levels of EPOC and strength;
Produces near identical caloric expenditure when compared with walking at a fast pace

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2
Q

The normal extensibility of all soft tissues that allow full range of motion of a joint

A

Flexibility

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3
Q

what is developed when clients demonstrate poor flexibility?

A

Relative flexibility

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4
Q

The body’s ability to produce, reduce, and stabilize forces in all three planes of motion

A

Neuromuscular efficiency

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5
Q

The process when neural impulses that sense tension are greater than the impulses that cause muscles to contract, providing an inhibitory effect to the muscle spindles

A

Autogenic inhibition

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6
Q

What are 8 reasons for the incorporation of flexibility training?

A 
Correct muscle imbalances;
Increase joint range of motion;
Decrease tension of muscles;
Relieve joint stress;
Improve extensibility;
Maintain normal functional length of muscles;
Improve optimum neuromuscular efficiency;
Improve function
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7
Q

What is the repair process initiated by dysfunction within the connective tissue of the kinetic chain that is treated by the body as an injury?

A

Cumulative injury cycle

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8
Q

The tendency of the body to seek the path of least resistance during functional movement patterns

A

Relative flexibility

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9
Q

The concept of muscle inhibition, cause by a tight agonist, which inhibits its functional antagonist

A

Altered reciprocal inhibition

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10
Q

Altered reciprocal inhibition, synergistic dominance and arthrokinetic dysfunction all lead to what?

A

Muscle imbalance

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11
Q

Consistently repeating the same pattern of motion, which may place abnormal stresses on the body

A

Pattern overload

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12
Q

law that states soft tissue models along lines of stress

A

Davis’s Law

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13
Q

What are the 3 phases of the integrated flexibility continuum?

A

Corrective flexibility, active flexibility, functional flexibility

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14
Q

The type of flexibility designed to improve extensibility of soft tissue and increase neuromuscular efficiency by using reciprocal inhibition

A

Active flexibility

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15
Q

What are 2 techniques used in corrective flexibility ?

A

Static stretching and SMR (self-myofascial release)

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16
Q

what stretching techniques uses agonist and synergistic muscles to move a limb through its entire range of motion while stretching the functional antagonist?

A

Active-isolated stretching

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17
Q

What are stretching technique uses functional movements to move the body through a full range of motion at realistic speeds?

A

Dynamic stretching

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18
Q

What type of flexibility is developed during Phase 1 of the OPT model?

A

SMR and static stretching

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19
Q

Which stretching technique is used during Phases 2,3 and 4 of the OPT model?

A

Active-isolated stretching

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20
Q

Which stretching technique is used during Phase 5 of the OPT model?

A

Dynamic stretching

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21
Q

Stretching technique that focuses on the neural system and fascial system of the body by applying gentle force to an adhesion

A

Self-myofascial release

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22
Q

What is the minimum amount of time static stretches should be held?

A

30 seconds

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23
Q

What are 3 things a client should have established prior to incorporating dynamic stretching into a program?

A

Good levels of tissues extensibility, core stability, balance capabilities

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24
Q

What is the minimum duration pressure should be sustained on adhesions while performing self-myofascial release?

A

30 seconds

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25
Q

Which heart rate training zone builds aerobic base and aids in recovery?

A

Zone one

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26
Q

Which heart rate training zone increases endurance and trains the anaerobic threshold?

A

Zone two

27
Q

Which heart rate training zone builds high-end work capacity?

A

Zone three

28
Q

What prepares body and mind for physical activity, increases heart and respiration rates, increases body temperature?

A

The warm-up

29
Q

What workout component consists of movement activities that get heart rate up, such as walking on a treadmill or riding a stationary bike?

A

General warm up

30
Q

What workout component consists of stretching movements that mimic the activity to be performed later in the workout?

A

Specific warm up

31
Q

What are some general warm up recommendations?

A

5 to 10 minutes at low-to-moderate intensity

32
Q

What are the warmup steps for a Stabilization-level client?

A

SMR, static stretching, 5-10 minutes light cardio

33
Q

What are the warm up steps for a Strength-level client?

A

SMR, active-isolated stretching, 5-10 minutes light cardio

34
Q

What are the warm-up steps for a Power-level client?

A

SMR, 3-10 dynamic stretches

35
Q

What are 3 reasons to perform cardio respiratory exercise?

A

Lose weight, reduce stress, improve health

36
Q

What is the often overlooked segment of a workout that provides the body with a smooth transition from exercise back to a steady state of rest?

A

Cool-down

37
Q

What are some suggested steps for cool-down?

A

5-10 minutes light cardio, SMR, static stretching

38
Q

For what does the FITTE principle for cardiorespiratory exercise stand?

A

Frequency, intensity, time, type and enjoyment+

39
Q

What is the recommended frequency for cardiorespiratory training?

A

General health: daily, for small quantities of time, at moderate intensity—- to improve fitness: 3-5 days per week, at high intensity

40
Q

The level of demand that activity places on the body

A

Intensity

41
Q

What uses the Borg scale to rate how hard one is training?

A

Rating of perceived exertion (RPE)

42
Q

An informal method used to gauge exercise training intensity

A

Talk test

43
Q

What stage improves cardio fitness levels using HR zone 1?

A

Stage 1

44
Q

What stage is best for people with low-to-moderate cardio fitness levels who are ready to begin training at higher intensities, moves in and out of zones 1 and 2, intro to interval training?

A

STAGE II

45
Q

For advanced exercisers, what stage uses all three heart rate zones for maximal cardiorespiratory improvement, used at power level, includes HIIT?

A

Stage III

46
Q

With what stage should Stage II training alternate every other day?

A

Stage I

47
Q

Stage II intervals should have what work: rest ratio?

A

Start with 1:3, progress to 1:2 and eventually 1:1

48
Q

What is just as beneficial as traditional cardio for health?

A

Circuit training

49
Q

Which structures make up the core?

A

Lumbo-pelvic-hip complex, including the lumbar spine, the pelvic girdle, abdomen, and the hip joint

50
Q

What are the structures of the LPHC?

A

Lumbar spine, pelvic girdle, abdomen, hip joint

51
Q

Which muscles directly attach to the vertebrae and stabilize the spine?

A

Local stabilization musculature

52
Q

Pulling the navel toward the spine to increase core stability

A

Drawing-in maneuver

53
Q

What is the reflex that realigns the eyes by anteriorly rotating the pelvis when the cervical spine is in extension?

A

Pelvo-ocular reflex

54
Q

Co-contraction of core movement muscles to increase LPHC stability

A

Abdominal bracing

55
Q

What are 4 core exercises in the strength level?

A

Ball crunch; back extensions; reverse crunch; cable rotations

56
Q

which characteristics help identify exercises in the core-stabilization level?

A

Involve little motion through the spine and pelvis

57
Q

What are 4 core-stabilization exercises?

A

Marching, floor bridge, floor prone cobra, prone iso-abs

58
Q

What are 4 core-power exercises?

A

Rotation chest pass, ball medicine ball pullover throw, front medicine ball oblique throw, soccer throw

59
Q

Core-power exercises are easily identified by:

A

Explosive movements with medicine ball

60
Q

Exercises with little to no motion of the spine and pelvis used to improve neuromuscular efficiency and intervertebral stability

A

Core-stabilization

61
Q

What are 3 primary goals of a core training program?

A

Develop neuromuscular efficiency, intervertebral and LPHC stability, and functional strength

62
Q

On what should core training focus?

A

Quality of movement

63
Q

What is the primary goal of core-power training?

A

Develop the ability to stabilize and generate force at functionally applicable speeds

NASM (6 decks)

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