Week 6 - Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Four Chambers of the heart and their function
Left atrium - Receives blood from pulmonary circuit
Right atrium - Receives blood from systemic circuit
Left ventricle - Pumps blood into systemic circuit
Right ventricle - Pumps blood in pulmonary circuit
Layers of the heart (inner to outer)
- Endocardium
- Myocardium
- Pericardium
Semilunar valve function
Prevents backflow of blood into ventricles
Coronary circulation function
Supplies blood to muscle tissue of the heart
define Bradycardia and tachycardia
Bradycardia: Abnormally slow heart rate
Tachycardia: Abnormally fast heart rate
Artery and vein function
Artery - Carry blood away from the heart
vein - carry blood to the heart
Blood vessel wall layers (inner to outer)
- Tunica intima (inner)
- Tunica media (middle)
- Tunica externa (outer)
Define vasoconstriction and vasodilation
Vasoconstriction: Contraction of arterial smooth muscle
Vasodilation: Relaxation of arterial smooth muscle (enlarges lumen)
Define Aneurysm
A bulge in an arterial wall caused by weak spot in elastic fibers
name 3 types of arteries
- Elastic arteries (conducting)
- Muscular arteries (distribution)
- Arterioles (resistance)
Capillary function
Location of all exchange functions of cardiovascular system
Define pressure (P)
Generated by the heart to overcome resistance
Define pressure gradient
The difference in pressure from one end of a vessel to the other
Define Flow (F)
is proportional to the pressure gradient divided by the resistance
Define hypertension and hypotension
hypertension - abnormally high blood pressure
hypotension - abnormally low blood pressure (mm Hg)
