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CHM 115 Blechle > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the role of any scientist?

A

to explain the world around them

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2
Q

What is chemistry?

A

the study of matter and its properties, the changes that matter undergoes, and the energy associated with those charges

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3
Q

How do chemists study unobservable causes?

A

study observable changes in the universe

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4
Q

What effects how revolutionary something is?

A

The history of chemistry

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5
Q

What is the Scientific Method?

A 
Observe
Hypothesize
Experiment
Model
Experiment
back to top
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6
Q

What do we do since we can only observe the kind of small and not the really small?

A

make macroscopic observations and conclude on a microscopic scale

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7
Q

What is macroscopic?

A

things we observe with our eyes

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8
Q

What is microscopic?

A

cannot see but have significant evidence of

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9
Q

What are other names for microscopic?

A

Molecular

Particulate

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10
Q

What does symbolic mean in chemistry?

A

the ability of a chemist to convey a significant amount of information in a picture or symbol

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11
Q

What is an atom?

A

the smallest thing that retains properties that make up an element

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12
Q

What is a molecule?

A

atoms together

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13
Q

What is a compound?

A

2+ elements together

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14
Q

What is a mixture?

A

2+ substances physically intermingled

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15
Q

Only property that can be measured before, during, and after a change?

A

physical property

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16
Q

Property that can change in a chemical reaction and become different structure and substance?

A

chemical properties

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17
Q

What color is oxygen in a model?

A

red

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18
Q

What color is nitrogen in a model?

A

blue

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19
Q

How do you tell what element is what in a model?

A

color and size

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20
Q

What is intensive mean?

A

no matter how much you have of something, your results don’t change

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21
Q

What is extensive mean?

A

when the amount of something changes, its identity changes

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22
Q

Extensive or Intensive….Density

A

Intensive

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23
Q

Extensive or Intensive….Boiling Point

A

Intensive

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24
Q

Extensive or Intensive….Volume

A

Extensive

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25
Q

Extensive or Intensive….luster

A

Intensive

26
Q

Extensive or Intensive….length

A

Extensive

27
Q

Extensive or Intensive….charge

A

Extensive

28
Q

Does intensive or extensive allow for comparisons?

A

Intensive

29
Q

How do u get an intensive property with extensive ones?

A

two or more extensive properties

30
Q

State of matter with strict limited movement?

A

solid

31
Q

State of matter with some movement but still significantly contacting each other?

A

liquid

32
Q

State of matter with free movement?

A

gas

33
Q

State of matter with a lot of charge?

A

plasma

34
Q

What is plasma?

A

partially ionized gas

35
Q

What is the qualitative uncertainty in a measurement?

A

lacking confidence in the final digit you guess

36
Q

What is the quantitative uncertainty in a measurement?

A

how we know how uncertain we are

37
Q

How do u increase the certainty?

A

adding more significant figures

38
Q

What is included in significant digits?

A

all the certain digits and 1 uncertain

39
Q

What digits of equipment is uncertain?

A

the last digit

40
Q

How many attempts do precise and accurate take?

A 
precise = multiple attempts
accurate = only need 1 attempt
41
Q

What is precise and what is accurate?

A 
precise = identical outcome every time
accurate = getting the number you want
42
Q

What are the two types of errror?

A

systematic

random

43
Q

Which error can be corrected if caught?

A

systematic

44
Q

Which error is found by using a comparison of the same instrument ?

A

systematic

45
Q

Which error will always be too high or too low?

A

systematic

46
Q

Which error varies and you need the average?

A

random

47
Q

What does error do to certainty?

A

decreases certainty

increases uncertainty

48
Q

What is consistent error, incorrect by a constant amount?

A

systematic

49
Q

What is an error that exists in every measurement?

A

random

50
Q

Method to express very small or large numbers allowing us to display sig figs?

A

scientific notation

51
Q 
Sig Figs:
0.30
0.0054
3.70
800
800.
A 
2
2
3
1
3
52
Q

What numbers in scientific notation are sig figs?

A

all of them

53
Q

Your confidence is a calculation is only as good as your _____?

A

worst measurement

54
Q

Sig Figs for addition and subtraction?

A

least number of decimals = decimals in answer

55
Q

Sig Figs for multiplying and dividing?

A

the least number of sig figs = sig figs in the answer

56
Q

What do you do when you round with a 5?

A

round up

57
Q

on what tools is very digit significant?

A

printed tolerance

error

58
Q

What is an exact number?

A

a number with no uncertainty

59
Q

How many sig figs does an exact number have?

A

infinite

60
Q

When do we consider sig figs in the conversions?

A

metric to us

61
Q

what is the system called where u convert with factors of 10 and its based on prefixes?

A

SI units

metric to metric conversions

CHM 115 Blechle (8 decks)

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