AE 211 Quiz 1

Question 1

IEQ

Answer 1

Indoor Environmental Air Quality, the impact of indoor environment parameters on building occupants, subjectively evaluated, aim for 80% satisfaction

Question 2

Four components of indoor environmental air quality:

Answer 2

thermal environment
air quality
light
sound

Question 3

Heat balance

Answer 3

metabolism
work
convection
radiation
evaporation
respiration
storage
Equation: Metabolic rate – Work = Convective Heat Gain + Radiative Heat Gain + Evaporative Loss + Respiration sensible/latent heat + Storage of energy

Question 4

Net Heat Gain Responses

Answer 4

YOU ARE HOT

sweating, vasodilation (veins closer to skin surface)

Question 5

Net Heat Loss Responses

Answer 5

YOU ARE COLD

piloerection, shivering, vasoconstriction (veins farther from skin surface)

Question 6

TDB

Answer 6

dry bulb temperature, normal F or C temperature, controls convective heat temperature

Question 7

RH

Answer 7

Relative Humidity, At any given atmospheric pressure and air temperature, there is a maximum amount of moisture a unit of air can hold, this is a percentage of that, sweat can’t evaporate at 100% RH, Sling psychrometer measures at lower than TDB, TDB-TWB on a pressure chart reads RH

Question 8

MRT

Answer 8

KELVIN, average of all radiant surfaces, measured by globe thermometer and then adjusted for convection, equals the fourth root of (TG^4)+(.247*10^9)(V^.5)(TG-TDB), all temps in Kelvin and V for air speed

Question 9

TOP

Answer 9

Operative Temperature, average of MRT and dry bulb temperature, involves both convective and radiative heat transfer

Question 10

Air Speed

Answer 10

high velocity improves heat transfer (feel cooler)

Question 11

Metabolic rate

Answer 11

Rate at which body consumes energy, depends on activity level, measured in mets, 1 met=58.1W/m^2

Question 12

DuBois Surface Area

Answer 12

how much skin you have, function of kg weight and m height, =.202(m^.425)(L^.725)

Question 13

Clo

Answer 13

clothing, insulation value, summer usually .5, winter usually 1

Question 14

PMV-PPD Heat Balance Method

Answer 14

goal is thermal neutrality, universal applicability

chart is a version of the psychrometric chart

Question 15

Adaptive Comfort Method

Answer 15

comfort is combination of heat balance, behaviors, and psychological expectations
justifies wider temp range in passive buildings
comfort range varies with “prevailing” outdoor temperature

Question 16

Thermal Response Scale

Answer 16

-3 (cold or very dissatisfied) to 0 to 3 (hot or very satisfied), satisfied is considered between -1.5 and 1.5 on temperature scale or 0 or above on satisfaction scale

Question 17

PMV

Answer 17

Average response to an environment of a large group of people using the ASHRAE thermal sensation scale

Question 18

PMV

Answer 18

Average response to an environment of a large group of people using the ASHRAE thermal sensation scale

Question 19

IAQ

Answer 19

indoor air quality, gases, particles, microorganisms, part of indoor environmental quality

Question 20

PMV Comfort Chart

Answer 20

x axis is operative temperature, y axis is humidity ratio, curved lines are wet bulb temperature (RH), version of psychometric chart

Question 21

Draft effect

Answer 21

within certain ratios can cool people down, but can also reduce thermal comfort, should be less than 1.2m/s

Question 22

Acceptability

Answer 22

usually minimum of 80% satisfaction

Question 23

Where does Adaptive model apply?

Answer 23

Building has no mechanical cooling system and heating system is not operating
1.0 – 1.3 met activity level
Prevailing outdoor temperature between 10 and 33.5 degC
0.3 m/s default air velocity
Occupants can adapt clothing level at least within 0.5 – 1.0 clo
Occupants can adjust behavior

Question 24

Prevailing mean outdoor temperature

Answer 24

average outdoor temperature in a particular location over 7-30 days
80% acceptability limits specified between 14.3 and 21.3 degC above 0.31 times the prevailing temperature
Humidity not considered

Question 25

Adaptive Comfort Chart

Answer 25

more linear, with prevailing mean outdoor temperature on x axis and indoor operative temperature on y axis

Question 26

Secondary Factors Affecting Comfort

Answer 26

Day-to-day variations
Age
Adaptation
Sex
Seasonal and circadian cycles