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Western Music History > Module 4 > Flashcards

Module 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Medieval Period

A

-500-1453 AD

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2
Q

Plainchant/ Gregorian Chant

A
  • Developed in churches for the praise of God

- Promote unification of the churches throughout Europe and to read the church goes their pesky pagan tendencies

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3
Q

Monophonic

A
  • One melody without harmony resulting in just one musical part
  • No background singers or instruments
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4
Q

Organum

A
  • Simple two-part medieval harmony
  • Around 900 AD two vocal parts was allowed
  • Was made in one of two ways
    ~One way a drone or one low continuous note was sung while the main melody was sung at the same time
    *Dones are often still used in bagpipe music today
    ~The second way was the words of the song would be sung on two different pitches at the same time
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5
Q

Hildegard on Bingen (12th c)

A
  • Was a German nun who wrote over 70 works of plain chance

- Know for writing songs that were uncharacteristically melodic for the time period

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6
Q

Polyphonic

A
  • Two or more differing parts

- Adding more vocal parts and developed rhythmic notations into measurable notes

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7
Q

Motets

A
  • Sacred songs whit multiple vocal parts of varying texts also became popular
  • An unaccompanied choral composition based on a sacred Latin text
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8
Q

Secular (non-religious music)

A
  • became more and more complex with multiple voices and instruments
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9
Q

Two types of court musicians and poets

A
  • Minstrels

- Troubadours

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10
Q

Minstrels

A

-Were a bit less refine than troubadours and had other job of entertaining such as juggling

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11
Q

Troubadours

A
  • Sing songs of chivalry and courtly love

- Travel and far away lands as they were quite the jet setters of the day

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12
Q

Ars Nova School of musical thought

A

-Which encompassed more complex rhythms and polyphony of secular music

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13
Q

Renaissance Era

A

-1450-1600

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14
Q

Sacred music

A
  • Motets

- Mass

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15
Q

Secular Music

A
  • Madrigals
  • Instrumental Music
  • Dance Music
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16
Q

Imitative Polyphony

A

-Successive voice parts that echo each other

17
Q

Giovanni Pier Luigi de Palestrina

A
  • The style was conservative and balanced as he gave careful consideration to both the beauty of the music and the comprehensibility of the words
  • Importance of simple melodies that are easily sung and gave focus to the words rather than complicated harmonies
18
Q

Pop Marcellus Mass (missa Papae Marcelli)

A
  • A perfect fit for the needs of the Catholic church at a time when the supposedly had been considering dismissal of polyphonic music from the service
19
Q

Madrigals

A
  • Secular multi-voice songs sung without accompaniment

- Based on love related poetry

20
Q

Word Painting

A
  • In which the music reflects the action of the text
    -Where the pitches of music literally reflect the meaning of the text
    ~If the texts states running down, the notes will descend in sound
21
Q

Carlo Gesualdo

A
  • Known for emotional madrigals
22
Q

Thomas Weelkes

A

-As Vesta From Latmos Hill Descending is a well known example which includes several instances of word paining

23
Q

Acapella

A

-Without accompaniment

24
Q

Popular instrument during the Renaissance

A
  • Lute
  • Recoreder
  • Shaum
  • Tabor
25
Q

Formal Dances

A

-Pavane
-Galliard
~Were reserved for elite gatherings

26
Q

Informal Dances

A

-Branle
-Jig
~Purely for fun
-The Jig is still preformed today in the form of the Irish Jig

27
Q

Madrigal

A
  • Secular multi-voice song sung without accompaniment with poetry based lyrics
  • A style of a Capella
  • Started of with the soprano, alto, tenor, and bass
    ~Soprano and alto (typically sung by women)
    ~Tenor and bass (typically sung by men)
    -First written in Italy around 1520 AD
28
Q

four to six voices

A

-In any given song and all voices played an equal role

29
Q

Jacques Arcadelt

A
  • Used synchronous rhythms and light emotions

~Mostly with four parts

30
Q

Mid-sixteenth Century Madrigals

A
  • Incorporated more emotion
  • Greater care was taken to reflect the text within the music
  • Added fifth and sixth vocal parts
31
Q

Cipriano dr Rore

A

-Used more independent rhythms and richer expressions

32
Q

Late sixteenth Century Madrigals

A
  • Pinnacle of the Madrigal

- Used many new techniques to weave the music and poetry into something greater than just the sum of its parts

33
Q

Luca Marenzio

A
  • Used music to express contrast and visual details

- Matched the pace and tone of the music to the words of the text

34
Q

Chromaticism

A
  • Involved using unexpected pitches to create tension and expression of pain or grief
35
Q

Carlo Gesualdo

A

-Famous for chromaticism and highly emotional madrigals

36
Q

Claudio Monteverdi

A
  • Wrote some of the first operas
37
Q

English Madrigals

A
  • Tended to be less serious and lighter topics
  • Incorporated simpler texts and humor
  • Add nonsense words like”fa-la-la”
38
Q

Thomas Weelks

A
  • Wrote one of the famous English madrigals “As Vesta Was From Latmos Hill Descending,” notable for its word painting
  • Wrote poetry specifically for use in music

Western Music History (13 decks)

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