B5.1.3 - Meiosis Flashcards
What are diploid cells?
Normal body cells
How many chromosomes does a diploid cell in a human contain?
46
Give an example of a human haploid cell
Sperm
Ova
How many chromosomes do haploid cells in humans have?
23
What is a zygote formed from?
2 haploid gametes joining together
What is a zygote?
A diploid cell formed from 2 haploid gamete cells
What will a zygote do once it forms?
Divides into many organisms using mitosis
What is a genome?
The genetic material of an organism
What cell division forms gametes?
Meiosis
How many haploid cells are produced when a diploid cell undergoes meiosis?
4
Where does meiosis occur in the human body?
In the testes
In the ovaries
What 2 cells are formed from meiosis in humans?
Sperm
Ova
Describe the first stage of meiosis
The chromosomes are copied and then line up in the middle of the cell as pairs. One member of each pair is pulled to the opposite side of the cell, swapping DNA sections. Then, the cell splits in 2, creating 2 identical cells.
Describe the second stage of meiosis
The chromosomes line up against the middle of the new cells. The chromosomes are pulled in half and one copy of each chromosome goes to each side. Then, both cells divide in 2
