Lab # 1 Spine

Question 1

Patients usually present with severe ____ and ______ along a particular nerve path to the appropriate extremity.

Answer 1

pain and weakness

Question 2

Diagnosis can be demonstrated through a ____________ to show metastasis from primary diseases

Answer 2

radionuclide bone scan

Question 3

________________ tumors refer to a subgroup of intradural spinal tumors that arise from cells within the spinal cord, as opposed to adjacent structures such as the nerve roots or meninges.

Answer 3

Intramedullary spinal cord

Question 4

Intramedullary spinal cord tumors’ most common initial symptom is

Answer 4

generalized back pain

Question 5

Intramedullary spinal cord tumor arise from within the

Answer 5

`spinal cord

Question 6

are Intramedullary spinal cord tumor more or less common than brain tumors

Answer 6

less common

Question 7

the surgical removal of a lamina, or posterior portion, of a vertebra

Answer 7

laminectomy

Question 8

which procedure is used to decompress and expose the spinal cord

Answer 8

laminectomy

Question 9

Post-operative radiation can be used with a spinal tumor dose of?

Answer 9

45000-5000 cGy

Question 10

name 4 primary brain tumors

Answer 10

Ependymoma,
astrocytoma,
unclassified gliomas, and
glioblastomas

Question 11

What is primary Intramedullary Neoplasms ?

Answer 11

Primary Tumors that occur inside the spinal cord

Question 12

What is Metastatic Intramedullary Neoplasms ?

Answer 12

rare occurrence arising from primary breast or lung tumors

Most involve the spinal column and skull

cause spinal cord compression ( emergency situation)

Question 13

what is the post-operative radiation dose/fractions for medtastatic intramedullary neoplasms?

Answer 13

3000 cGy in 10 fractions

Question 14

the most common malignancy affecting the spinal cord

Answer 14

metastatic extradural tumors

Question 15

where do metastatic extradural tumors arise?

Answer 15

breast, lung, prostate, and testicular cancer, as well as lymphomas and tumors of the renal system

Question 16

metastatic extradural tumors infiltrate into the _____ and into the __________ and extend in each direction along the __________.

Answer 16

dura

vertebral canal

spinal cord

Question 17

what are the most common sites of metastatic bone disease development?

Answer 17

spine and pelvis

Question 18

what is the most common primary tumor that mets to bone?

Answer 18

lung

Question 19

what are other common primaries that mets to bone? (4)

Answer 19

breast, prostate, thyroid, and kidney

Question 20

define osteolytic

Answer 20

bone destruction

Question 21

define osteoblastic

Answer 21

bone production

Question 22

which type of bone lesion is more common?

Answer 22

osteolytic

Question 23

what fields may be used to treat bone mets

Answer 23

signle fields or parallel opposed fields

Question 24

how many verteral bodies are there is the cervical region

Answer 24

7

Question 25

how many verteral bodies are there is the thoracic region

Answer 25

12

Question 26

how many verteral bodies are there is the lumbar region?

Answer 26

5

Question 27

what is the treatment depth and width for the cervical region?

Answer 27

depth: 4cm
width: 6 cm

Question 28

what is the treatment depth and width for the thoracic region?

Answer 28

depth: 5-6 cm
width: 6-8 cm

Question 29

what is the treatment depth and width for the thoracic region?

Answer 29

depth: 6-7 cm
width: 8 cm

Question 30

what is the treatment depth and width for the sacrum?

Answer 30

depth: 4-5 cm
width: 12-15 cm spade field

Question 31

what is the treatment depth and width for the coccyx?

Answer 31

depth: 4-5 cm
width: 12-15 cm spade field

Question 32

what are the critical structures when treating the spine?

Answer 32

spinal cord

Question 33

what is the TD 5/5 for the spinal cord

Answer 33

4700 cGy