Effects of sleep disturbances and possible treatments Flashcards
Define partial sleep deprivation.
Consists of the subject having less sleep then normally required. Can result in a subject being unable to complete simple repetitive tasks.
Define chronic sleep deprivation.
Consists of not having enough sleep over an extended period of time. This has been linked to depression and development of diabetes.
Define total sleep deprivation.
(CSD) The subject does not have any sleep in a 24 hour period.
What are three psychological and physiological effects of CSD?
Psychological effects: paranoia, hallucinations, delusions.
Physiological effects: fatigue, slurred speech, impaired immune system.
Define circadian phase disorder. Also outline symptoms and causes.
Sleep disturbances due to the interruption of the internal circadian rhythm. Symptoms include: trouble falling asleep, trouble maintain sleep and chronic tiredness. Caused by diet, health, shift work, etc.
Define dyssomnias.
Problems getting to or staying asleep.
Define parasomnias.
Sleep disorders involving abnormal movement, emotion, perception, or dreams while asleep.
Define insomnia.
A dyssomnia characterised by the inability to fall or stay asleep within a 30 minute period. Reducing the amount of total sleep had, and its quality.
What is a treatment for a circadian phase disorder?
Bright light therapy (BLT). Resets the internal body clock by exposing the eyes to intense light for a specific amount of time to effect the body clock like the sun does. The light acts a zietgener, once perceived a message is sent to the suprachiasmatic nucleus who then sends a message to the pineal gland to cease production of melatonin.
Explain one circadian phase disorder.
Delayed sleep onset (DSO). This is where the sleep/ wake cycle shifts towards the evening because melatonin secretion is ceased when light is perceived for things like computer or phone screens. Which pushes the time we fall asleep later and later.
What are the effects of BAC vs those of sleep deprivation?
17 hours of sleep deprivation=0.05 BAC (the legal limit).
24 hours of CSD=0.10 BAC.
Outline one cognitive, behavioural and emotional consequence of CSD.
Cognitive: less concentration, trouble with recall, irrational thoughts via less content limitations.
Behavioural: slower reaction times, less control over voluntary movement, more risk taking.
Emotional: mood changes, anxiety, depression, irritability.
