9.2.3 crime Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is a crime?
An offense which is punishable by law
Crimes can vary in severity and are defined by legal statutes.
Define punishment in the context of law.
A legal consequence of breaking the law
Punishments can include fines, imprisonment, community service, and more.
What is conscience?
Innate sense of right and wrong
Conscience plays a crucial role in moral decision-making.
What is free will?
The freedom to make decisions
Free will is often discussed in relation to moral responsibility.
What does deterrence refer to?
To put people off from committing crime
Deterrence aims to prevent future offenses through fear of punishment.
Define forgiveness.
An attitude that seeks reconciliation rather than retribution
Forgiveness can play a significant role in restorative justice.
What is justice?
Bringing about what is right or fair or making up for a wrong
Justice is a fundamental principle in legal systems and moral philosophy.
What are laws?
A set of rules created and enforced by an authority
Laws can be established by states, governments, or religious authorities.
Define recidivism.
Reoffending (breaking the law again)
Recidivism rates are often used to measure the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs.
What does reform mean in a legal context?
To change for the better
Reform can refer to changes in laws or rehabilitation of offenders.
Define retribution.
Revenge/payback
Retribution is often viewed as a form of justice that focuses on punishment.
What is a sin?
An action or thought that goes against God’s law/principles
Sins can be classified into various categories in different religious contexts.
What is ordination?
The process in which somebody is made a priest
Ordination involves conferring authority to perform religious rites.
Define apostolic succession.
Catholic belief that the Pope and clergy inherit authority from the apostles
This belief underscores the continuity of church leadership.
What is apostolic tradition?
Beliefs and teachings of the church traced back to the original apostles
Apostolic tradition is fundamental to Catholic doctrine.
What does the priesthood of all believers mean?
The view that all believers of Christ are fit to teach or share his word with equal authority
This concept is commonly associated with Protestant theology.
Define Christian complementarianism.
The view that men and women are of equal status but have different roles
Complementarianism is often discussed in the context of gender roles within the church.
What is Christian egalitarianism?
The view that men and women are equal in status and that there are no gender-based limitations on their roles
This view promotes equal opportunities for both genders in all aspects of life.
What is the Catholic Church?
Also known as the Roman Catholic Church, the largest denomination with approx. 1.3 billion followers worldwide
The Catholic Church has a rich tradition and a complex hierarchy.
Define the Anglican Church.
The primary state Church in England which represents over 85 million people in more than 165 countries
The Anglican Church encompasses a wide range of beliefs and practices.
What is a denomination?
An independent branch of the Catholic Church
Denominations can vary widely in beliefs and practices.
Define patriarchy.
A system of society or government in which men hold the power and women are largely excluded from it
Patriarchy has been a subject of critique in feminist theory.
