Transpiration And Translocation Flashcards

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1
Q

Xylem

A

Non-living vascular tissue that carries water and dissolved minerals from the roots of a plant to its leaves, the xylem is hollow and nearby cells are lignified or dead so water can move continuously

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2
Q

Lignin

A

A chemical that provides support to xylem cells and prevents the unwanted movement of water into nearby cells

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3
Q

Phloem

A

Living and elongated vascular tissue that carries sucrose and organic substances throughout a plant using energy, the phloem has sieve plates that act as pores to allow molecules to diffuse between cells

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4
Q

Stomata

A

Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen, carbon dioxide and water can move

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5
Q

Guard cells

A

Pairs of cells that surround the stomata and control their opening and closing to optimise gas exchange and reduce water loss

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6
Q

Roots

A

Underground plant organs that absorb water and minerals

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7
Q

Root hair cell

A

Cells that absorb water and mineral ions from the soil, via diffusion, osmosis or active transport using hair structures with a large surface area

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8
Q

Active transport in root hair cells

A

When there are low quantities of mineral salts in the soil, root hair cells absorb them via active transport using energy, which is produced via continuous respiration in the root hair cells

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9
Q

Transpiration

A

The process of the movement of water through a plant and the loss of water from a plant through its leaves

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10
Q

Factors affecting transpiration

A

Changing temperature, humidity, air movement and light intensity

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11
Q

Effect of factors affecting transpiration

A

Light, wind and heat will increase the rate of transpiration, humidity will decrease the rate of transpiration

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12
Q

Rate of transpiration

A

The rate of water loss from a plant

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13
Q

Potometer

A

A device used for measuring the rate of water uptake of a plant due to photosynthesis and transpiration, a bubble of water will move along the potometer to indicate the rate of transpiration

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14
Q

Translocation

A

The transportation of sucrose and amino acids around the plant via phloem tissue, sugars are prone to translocation as they are made in the leaves and need to be transported around the plant

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