Multi-store model

Question 1

What was the first model of Memory?

Answer 1

The Multi- store Model

Question 2

What is a stimulus?

Answer 2

Any object or event that elicits a sensory or behavioral response in an organism.

Question 3

What is the Duration for LTM?

Answer 3

Up to a lifetime.

Question 4

What is the capcity for LTM?

Answer 4

Unlimited.

Question 5

Who designed MSM and when was it introduced?

Answer 5

Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin in 1968.

Question 6

What are the case studies of the MSM?

Answer 6

Shallice and Warrington - about a person referred to as ‘Kf’ who recieved brain damage from a motorcyle accident.

Peterson and Peterson (1959) - To test how long STM lasts when rehearsal is prevented.

Bahrick (1975) - To establish the existence of a very long-term (VLTM) and to see whether there was any difference between recognition and recall.

Question 7

Define long-term memory (LTM)

Answer 7

Your memory of events that have occured in the past. This lasts anywhere from 2 minutes to 100 years.

Question 8

Define sensory register

Answer 8

The place where information is held at each of the senses.

Question 9

Define short-term memory (STM)

Answer 9

Your memory for immediate events. STM is measured in seconds and minutes. They dissapear unless rehearsed.

Question 10

Define Capcity

Answer 10

The measure of how much can be held in memory. Usually represented as numbers.

Question 11

Define Duration

Answer 11

A measure of how long a memory lasts before it is no longer avaliable.

Question 12

What are the 5 components of the sensory register?

Answer 12

• Echoic store (Sound)
• Haptic store (Touch)
• Iconic store (Visual)
• Gustatory store (Taste)
• Olfactory store (Smell)

Question 13

What are the components (stores) of the sensory register?

Answer 13

Echoic store, Haptic store, Iconic store, Gustatory and Olfactory store.

Question 14

What is the capcity of the SR?

Answer 14

Very large - info is unprocessed, highly detailed, ever-changing.

Question 15

What is the duration of the SR?

Answer 15

The duration is limited, but varies not only between stores, but within stores depending on the type of info held.

Question 16

What is the coding of the STM?

Answer 16

Main type of coding is thought to be acoustic, but other codes do exist too. (Baddeley study effects of acoustic and semantic encoding.)

Question 17

What is the capcity of STM?

Answer 17

Limited capcity of between 5-9 items.

Question 18

What is the duration of STM?

Answer 18

Up to a maximum of 30 seconds - can be extended through rehearsal (Maitnence rehearsal) of information.

Question 19

What is Maitnence rehearsal?

Answer 19

The repetition of information that keeps it in STM by constantly rehearsing it. This does not lead to transfer of LTM.

Question 20

How does the MSM work?

Answer 20

Information is detected by the senses and enters the sensory register. If attended the information enters the short term memory. Information from the short-term memory is transferred to the long-term memory only if that information is rehearsed.