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Biochemistry Exam 2 > Lecture 18 : Clinical Correlation_Caries > Flashcards

Lecture 18 : Clinical Correlation_Caries Flashcards

1
Q

What is Caries?

A
  • Infectious Disease
  • Multifactorial
    • Biofilm, bacteria
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2
Q

What year did the US Public Health Service create the Dental Hygiene Unit?

A

1938

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3
Q

ECC is ___ times more common than asthma.

A

5 times

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4
Q

What is AAPD Policy Statement #2?

A

Teach moms how to brush their baby’s teeth as soon as they come out.
Twice a day
Soft Brush of appropriate size for age
In Children under age 3, a smear of rice-sized amount of fluoridated toothpaste should be used.
In children ages 3-6, a pea-sized amount of fluoridated toothpaste should be used.

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5
Q

AAPD Policy Statement #3

A

Professionally applied flouride varnish for kids at risk of ECC is recommended.

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6
Q

True or False.
Kids whose mothers have higher levels of Step mutans, a result of untreated carries, have a higher risk of acquiring the organism earlier than children whose mothers have low levels.

A

True

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7
Q

AAPD Policy Statement #5

A

Make sure to work with Medical Providers to ensure all infants and toddlers have access to dental screenings, counseling, and preventative procedures.

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8
Q

AAPD Policy Statement #6

A

Educating Legistlatures, policy makers, and third party payors regarding the consequences of and preventive strategies for ECC .

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9
Q

What is Caries?

A

Decay and crumbling of the tooth.

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10
Q

What happens in Caries?

A

Bacteria in the Dental Plaque “eat” the carbohydrates from our diet.
~Bacteria Secrete Acids
~~Acids lower oral pH
~~~ENAMEL demineralizes at pH of 5.5 of below
~~~~This results in Carious Lesion

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11
Q

What happens in Caries?

A

Bacteria in the Dental Plaque “eat” the carbohydrates from our diet.
~Bacteria Secrete Acids
~~Acids lower oral pH in the saliva
~~~ENAMEL demineralizes at pH of 5.5 of below
~~~~This results in Carious Lesion

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12
Q

Where do caries start to hit (the location)?

A

~Pit and Fisure,

~~Smooth Surfaces

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13
Q

New Caries =?

A

New Lesion,

attachs previously INTACT tooth surface

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14
Q

Recurrent Lesion=?

A

Occurs around the margins of a restoration,

i.e., there used to be a lesion there, you treated it, and then it’s recurred.

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15
Q

Residual lesion=?

A

Carries left behind before filling a restoration (a filing)
~Sometimes done on purpose to avoid a pulp exposure.
~~Generally we want to get all the carries out especially around the margins of our restorations.

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16
Q

Active vs. Arrested Lesions

A

Active Lesion = Dull, not shiny

Arrested Lesion (inactive) = Hard, pretty shiny, if nothing is seen radiographically, then it’s an Arrested Lesion. Don’t have to treat Arrested Lesions.

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17
Q

Describing Caries..

White Spot Lesion =

A

Where the enamel is starting to decalsify

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18
Q

Describing Caries..

Remineralized Area =

A

Arrested Lesion

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19
Q

Describing Caries..

Incipient/initial lesion =

A

Just in the enamel, doesn’t have to be treated with a filling yet, or surgically as what we should say. It can be remineralized at this stage because it has not gotten to the Denten

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20
Q

Describing Caries..

Rampant Caries

A

Carries all over the mouth

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21
Q

What is the American Dental Association Carries Classification System?

A

Initial Caries,

Moderate Caries

Severe Caries

22
Q

What is the American Dental Association Carries Classification System?

A

Initial Caries,

Moderate Caries

Severe Caries

23
Q

What is Initial Caries?

A

When it’s just starting to break down the enamel

Corresponds to E1 or E2

24
Q

What is Moderate Caries?

A

Gotten into the denten

Corresponds to D2

25
Q

What is Severe Caries?

A

Well into the denten, the processes are changing because the collagen in the denten is breaking down in that area

Corresponds to D3

26
Q

E1 =?

A

When it’s in the first half of the enamel

27
Q

E2 =?

A

The lesion has gone into the second half of the enamel

28
Q

D1 =?

A

First third of Denten

29
Q

D2 =?

A

Middle Third of Denten

30
Q

D3 =?

A

Really close to the pulpil tissue

31
Q

What kind of disease is Caries?

A

Caries is an Infectious Disease

Bacterial Disease

32
Q

Is Caries a Manageable Disease?

A

Yes

33
Q

Can Caries Disease be Prevented?

A

Yes

34
Q

What bacteria causes Caries?

A

Microbes that cause Caries:
Step Mutans (Primarily),
Lactobacillus,
Actinomyces

35
Q

What bacteria causes Caries?

A

Microbes that cause Caries:
Step Mutans (Primarily),
Lactobacillus,
Actinomyces

36
Q

What are the Requirements for Caries?

A

Host,
Bacteria,
Food Source,
Time

A susceptible host must have biofilm sticking to tooth, if it’s not sticking to the tooth, host is not susceptible.

Also need teeth for caries, Denturists have 0% chance of caries

37
Q

What is Demineralization?

A

Bacteria eat the Carbs from your Diet

Acid is the Bacteria’s waste product

The Acid results Demineralized your Enamel

38
Q

What is Demineralization?

A

Bacteria eat the Carbs from your Diet

Acid is the Bacteria’s waste product

The Acid results Demineralized Enamel

39
Q

What is Remineralization?

A

Saliva rinses away the Carbs

Saliva buffers the acid waste products

Minerals in Saliva (Calcium, Phosphate) re-enter tooth

If we have good oral hygiene,
knocks away bacteria, spits most of it out, gets nice smooth surface, so..

destroys biofilm so bacteria can’t attach

40
Q

How does a Carious Lesion Occur?

A

A Carious lesion (cavity) occurs when demineralization is greater than demineralization over time.

41
Q

What does Saliva do?

A

Saliva…:
Raises pH to non-demineralizing levels

Flushes away floating microbes

Has Antibacterial Properties

Minerals in Saliva (Calcium and Phosphate ions) re-enter the tooth and remineralize the enamel

Saliva aids in Remineralization

42
Q

What does Home Care do?

A

Home Care…:
Removes the bacterial habitat, keeps it clean so a new habitat can’t form, keeps bacteria homeless
Bacteria can’t stick = bacteria can’t cause demineralization

43
Q

How can diet aid in reducing caries?

A

Avoid frequent sugar consumption, (Step mutans love sugar)

leads to starving bacteria, so bacteria can’t create acid waste products on you

44
Q

What does Fluoride do in regards of Remineralization?

A

Makes teeth less susceptible to acid demineralization,

So the enamel is a little bit stronger

45
Q

What does Caries need?

A

Host + Food + Bacteria

46
Q

What are Caries spread?

A

Infectious Disease

47
Q

How do you combat Caries?

A

Good oral hygiene,
Fluoride helps a lot in patients with a lot of lesions, Healthy dietary choices and healthy salivary flow help combat caries.

48
Q

What does DMFT stand for?

A

…..

49
Q

What do Early Childhood Caries (ECC) lead to?

A

…..

50
Q

What does AAPD stand for?

A

…..

51
Q

What is AAPD Policy Statement #1?

A

….

52
Q

What is sound tooth structure?

A

…..

Biochemistry Exam 2 (7 decks)

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