Diet and pregnancy Flashcards
What are babies born small at risk of?
health problems
Lower intelligence
What are babies born larger than average at risk of?
Perinatal mortality
Obesity
What can be foetal if occurring in first 3 months after birth?
Birth defects
What is organogenesis and when is the sensitive window in pregnancy?
Making of organs
First trimester
What can effect organogenesis?
Exposure to toxic substances
What are the effects of organogenesis in childhood?
Asthma
Cancer
What are the effects of organogenesis in adults?
Cancer
Heart disease
What is a teratogen?
Substance that can produce physical problems to the foetus after the mother is exposed to it
Example of a teratogen and what disorder can it cause?
Alcohol
Foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)
What is the max amount of caffeine you should take in the first trimester?
200mg per day
What is a dietary mutagens?
Substances in food that can cause DNA damage
What can some fish cause?
seizures
What can diet in pregnancy influence?
Gene expression
What can a diet rich in methyl donors (Vitamin B)
Expression of harmful genes
What two things can cause predispose disease in adulthood?
maternal nutrition and low birth weight
