Enzymes

Question 1

What affect enzyme reactions

Answer 1

Concentration of reactants
pH
Temperature
Ionic Strength

Question 2

Whats the optimum T of enzymes

Answer 2

37C

Question 3

Competitive inhibitor

Answer 3

binds free enzyme at the active site

Question 4

Noncompetitive inhibitor

Answer 4

binds at the site other than active site

Question 5

Uncompetitive inhibitor

Answer 5

binds only to enzyme substrate complex

Question 6

Creatine Kinases isoenzymes

Answer 6

CK1 = BB; Brain
Ck2 = MB; Heart
Ck3 = MM; muscle

Question 7

What does trauma causes? What about MI?

Answer 7

Increases MB but <3%,

MI >6%

Question 8

Lactate Dehydrogenase

Answer 8

catalyzes interconversion of lactic to pyruvate

H transfer enzyme, uses NAD

Question 9

Main source of LD

Answer 9

Liver, heart, muscle and kidneys

Question 10

What are the two enzymes that catalyze interconversion of aminos (Aminotransferase)

Answer 10

AST and ALT

Question 11

AST - Aspartate transaminase

Answer 11

Increases in hepatocellular damage, cirrhosis and carcinoma

Question 12

ALT - Alanine transaminase

Answer 12

more specific than AST for hepatocellular damage, cirrhosis and carcinoma

Question 13

GGT

Answer 13

highest in biliary obstruction and cirrhosis due to alcohol intake

Question 14

ALP

Answer 14

measure to indicate hepatobiliary disease or bone diseases

Question 15

Optimun pH of ALP

Answer 15

10

Question 16

Amylase

Answer 16

catalyze breakdown of starch and glycogen

produce by salivary and pancreatic glands

Question 17

What does Amylase requires

Answer 17

Ca+2 and Cl-

Question 18

What the enzyme commonly excreted in urine

Answer 18

Amylase

Question 19

What does high levels of ALP and GTT indicates

Answer 19

biliary obstruction

Question 20

What causes increases of Amylase

Answer 20

pancreatitis or opiates

Question 21

What causes low elevations of amylase

Answer 21

obstruction of salivary glands

Question 22

What enzyme is more specific for acute pancreatitis

Answer 22

lipase

Question 23

Whats the primary enzyme in the prostate

Answer 23

ACP

Question 24

Handling collection of ACP

Answer 24

add disodium citrate or lower pH to 5.4 with acetic acid

Question 25

Cholinesterase

Answer 25

destroy acetylcholine after nerve impulse trasnmission

Question 26

Cardiac markers of AMI/MI

Answer 26

Myoglobin
CK2 - MB
Troponin

Question 27

Troponins

Answer 27

3 proteins that regulates Ca interaction w myosin (protein that forms filaments in muscle)

Question 28

Cardiac markers of congestive heart failure

Answer 28

BNP and proBNO

Question 29

What liver markers indicate biliary obstruction

Answer 29

ALP, GGT and 5NT

Question 30

What liver markers indicate hepatitis

Answer 30

AST, ALT

Question 31

What markers indicate muscle disorders

Answer 31

CK, AST and Aldolase