tissues in lungs

Question 1

structure of cartilage

Answer 1

forms c shaped rings - c shape rather than complete rings so can open out,allowing bulky food bolls to move down the adjacent oesophagus

is flexible so can bend

Question 2

function of cartilage

Answer 2

supports trachea and bronchi , holds airway open, prevents bursting of trachea, prevents breathing tubes and lungs collapsing when air pressure is low.

Question 3

elastic fibre structure

Answer 3

composed of elastic

Question 4

elastic fibre function

Answer 4

fibres stretch to allow alveoli (prevent alveoli busting by stretching ) and away to expand.
reduce volume of alveoli + expel air out of the lungs
when breathing out, elastic fibres recoil, restoring the lumen of the airways to their original larger size

Question 5

elastic fibre location

Answer 5

found in walls of all tubes and between alveoli

Question 6

smooth muscle location

Answer 6

trachea , bronchus, bronchioles and alveoli

Question 7

smooth muscle function

Answer 7

contracts to constrict lumen of trachea + bronchi+brochioles to reduce air flow to alveoli (Reduce diameter of tubes)

relaxes doing exercise so more air can reach the lungs

Question 8

ciliated epithelium

Answer 8

single layer of cells most outer surface is covered on
many extensions of cilia
cilli beat rhymitically in co-oridnated waves , moving mucus upwards and out of airway,into throat where it is swallowed into stomach to be killed by HCL and digested by enzymes

found in trachea and bronchus

Question 9

goblet cells and glandular tissue

Answer 9

• found in trachea,bronchus and bronchioles
• secrete mucus (glycoprotein)
  1) . trap dust,pollen,a eat to prevent particles entering and blocking alveoli

2). trapping bacteria, preventing infection

Question 10

location of goblet cells and glandular tissue

Answer 10

below ciliates cells in trachea bronchi and bronchioles