Chapter 3 Flashcards
What do cells need
Oxygen, water, and nutrients
What do genes do
Determine nature of cells work & affect how nutrients are handled
What do cells make
Tissues
What do tissues make
Organs
What do organs do
Work together as a body system
The mouth..
..chews and combines food with saliva (made of mucus and enzymes
The esophagus..
..passes food to the stomach through peristalsis
The cardiac sphincter..
..controls foods movement into the stomach
The stomach..
..churns and mixes food into chyme, has 3 layers of muscle, and has stomach acid made of hydrochloric acid, enzymes and gastric juice
Stomach acid…
..denatures protein and kills microorganisms
The pyloric valve..
..controls the movement of food into the small intestine
The small intestine..
..digests CHO, protein and fat using enzymes from the pancreas and bile (bile emulsifies fat)
Villi and Microvilli..
..located in the small intestine, absorb the water and fat soluble nutrients into the blood. What is not absorbed stays in the small intestine and passes into the large intestine
The Large Intestine..
..reabsorbs water and minerals, passes wastes, and some water to the rectum
The rectum…
..stores wastes (feces) prior to elimination
