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CCNP Switch > CCNP switch slides 6 > Flashcards

CCNP switch slides 6 Flashcards

1
Q

source

A

http://quizlet.com/3373203/ccnp-switch-deck-6-flash-cards/

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2
Q

What are the 2 power over ethernet methods?

A

Cisco ILP and 802.3af

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3
Q

How many 802.3af power classes are there?

A

5 (0-4 with 4 being the highest)

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4
Q

What is the default 802.3af power class and its use?

A

if the switch or the powered device doesn’t suport power class discovery

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5
Q

How does 802.3af do power discovery?

A

sends a voltage across the receive pairs to detect a 25k ohm resistance

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6
Q

How does ILP do power discovery?

A

sends a test tone on the transmit pair. If a device is detected, CDP is used to narrow down the power class.

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7
Q

What ILP mode are all ports in by default?

A

auto mode

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8
Q

How does a Cisco IP phone connect upstream?

A

via an 802.1Q trunk or a single VLAN access port

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9
Q

What are the 2 choices for VLANs with IPT?

A

they must be carried over a voice VLAN (VVID) or over a regular data VLAN (ie. The native VLAN or the PVID)

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10
Q

How is the IPT 802.1 trunk negotiated?

A

Automatically using DTP and CDP

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11
Q

How does IPT behave when the voice VLAN is in vlan-id mode?

A

data goes over native vlan, voice goes over specified VLAN, voice QOS is 802.1p

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12
Q

How does IPT behave when the voice VLAN is in dot1p mode?

A

data goes over native vlan, voice goes over VLAN0, voice QOS is 802.1p

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13
Q

How does IPT behave when the voice VLAN is in untagged mode?

A

data and voice over native vlan, no QOS but still uses 802.1p trunk

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14
Q

How does IPT behave when the voce VLAN is in the default none mode?

A

data and voice over native vlan no QOS and no 802.1p trunk

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15
Q

What is latency?

A

the total delay from start to finish

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16
Q

What is jitter?

A

variation in delay

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17
Q

What are the three basic types of QOS?

A

best effort delivery, integrated services model, and differentiated services model

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18
Q

What is best effort delivery QOS?

A

switches make an effort to move packets as quickly as possible

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19
Q

What is integrated services model QOS?

A

A path is pre-arranged for priority along the complete path from source to destination using the RSVP protocol.

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20
Q

What is differentiated services model QOS?

A

Each network device handles packets individually with no advance reservations

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21
Q

What method of QOS does voice traffic use most frequently?

A

differentiated services

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22
Q

How does an L2 switch do QOS?

A

an L2 switch can only forward frames best effort unless going across a trunk

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23
Q

How does 802.1q handle COS?

A

The frame tag includes a 3 bit COS value from 0 (low) to 7 (high). Native vlans are untagged so no COS

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24
Q

How does ISL handle COS?

A

The frame tag contains a 3 but portion tagged from 0 (low) to 7 (high)

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25
Q

How does L3 QOS classification happen?

A

The TOS field in the header is used. 2 methods 3 bits or 6 bits

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26
Q

What is DSCP?

A

Differentiated services code point

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27
Q

How does DSCP handle IP precedence?

A

5 classes with 3 drop precedences

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28
Q

What is DSCP codepoint EF(46)?

A

Critical…used most often for IPT

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29
Q

What is DSCP codepoint AF41(34)?

A

Flash override (class 4)

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30
Q

What is DSCP codepoint AF31(26)?

A

Flash (class 3)

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31
Q

What is DSCP codepoint AF21(18)?

A

immediate (class 2)

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32
Q

What is DSCP codepoint AF11(10)?

A

priority (class 1)

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33
Q

What is a QoS trust boundary?

A

The point at which a switch decides to trust incoming Qos. Usually at boundary with ISP

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34
Q

How is a QoS trust bondary configured?

A

Every switch and router in a network must be configured with appropriate QoS features and policies

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35
Q

Where is the QoS trust boundary usually configured on an IP phone?

A

Usually QoS from VOIP but not PC dataa

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36
Q

What are the 4 steps to extend QoS trust?

A

1- enable qos, 2-define qos parameters to be trusted, 3-make trust conditional, 4-instruct IP phone how to extnd boundary

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37
Q

For QoS, switch uplinks should always be considered as ____ _____?

A

trusted ports

38
Q

How much BW does a PSTN connection use?

A

63 kbps

39
Q

How much BW does a voip connection use?

A

12 kbps with headers and compression

40
Q

How do Cisco IP phones communicate with the CCM?

A

with the skinny protocol

41
Q

What does the skinny protocol do?

A

transmits keystrokes from phone and commands from CCM

42
Q

How do IP phones communicate with each other?

A

Once the CCM gives them the parameters, they use RTP

43
Q

What is RTP?

A

Real-time Transport Protocol

44
Q

What is the standard for WLANs?

A

802.11

45
Q

What duplex setting does 802.11 use and why?

A

half because transmitting and receiving stations use the same frequency

46
Q

What feedback mechanism does wireless use?

A

when a wireless station transmits a frame, the receiving one must send an ack

47
Q

If a wireless station needs to transmit and no other device is transmitting, what happens?

A

The station can transmit immediately and wait for an ack

48
Q

If a wireless station needs to transmit and another device is transmitting, what happens?

A

The station must wait until the frame in progress has completed, then wait a random amount of time before transmitting

49
Q

What is the DIFS?

A

The DCF interframe space- the random backoff time before a wireless set can transmit

50
Q

What is the duration time in a wireless frame?

A

Each frame transmits its expected duration time

51
Q

What is DCF?

A

Distributed coordinion function - the use of timers to prevent wireless collisions

52
Q

What is a service set?

A

A group of wireless devices that share a common SSID

53
Q

What is an IBSS?

A

the wireless clients communicate directly with no other means of connectivity such as a WAP

54
Q

What is a BSS?

A

Using a single WAP to centralize access and control over a group of wireless devices.

55
Q

What must be in common for a BSS to form?

A

matching SSID, compatible data rate, authentication credentials

56
Q

What is an ESS?

A

When the AP uplinks to an Ethernet network.

57
Q

How are multiple VLANs mapped to multiple SSIDs?

A

By using a trunk link

58
Q

What is a cell?

A

An AP’s coverage area

59
Q

What must you be sure of if AP cells overlap?

A

That they aren’t using the same frequencies.

60
Q

What is layer 2 roaming?

A

If the client maintains the same IP address as it roams between Aps. All must have same VLAN, SSID, and subnet

61
Q

What is layer 3 roaming?

A

When a client roams between Aps in different subnets

62
Q

What is a microcell?

A

When the size of a cell is intentionally reduced

63
Q

What is an autonomous mode AP?

A

When each AP stands alone within the larger network.

64
Q

What functions does a LAP perform?

A

Real-time functions such as beacons and probes, encryption and interactions with the client at L2

65
Q

What functions does a WLC perform?

A

Control functions

66
Q

How does an LAP bind with a WLC?

A

by brining up a tunnel between them to carry 802.11 related messages and client data.

67
Q

Does a WLC and a LAP need to be on the same subnet?

A

No

68
Q

What 2 tunnelling mechanisms do the LAP and WLC use to communicate?

A

LWAPP (Cisco proprietary) and CAP-WAP (standards based)

69
Q

How many tunnels exist between the LAP and WLC?

A

2 - one for control messages and one for data

70
Q

How does a LAP and a WLC authenticate between each other?

A

using digital certificates

71
Q

What are the 5 steps a LAP uses to establish communication with a WLC?

A

1-LAP gets a DHCP address, 2-LAP learns IP of available WLC, 3-LAP sends a join request to WLC and receives join reply, 4-WLC sends code image, if necessary, 5-Tunnels are created

72
Q

How does a DHCP server send WLC addresses?

A

Option 43

73
Q

What does a LAP do if it loses communication with it’s WLC?

A

Reboots and searches for a new WLC

74
Q

How does a WLC hand off a client’s association to another WLC?

A

using a mobility exchange message

75
Q

How is a WLC handoff handled when the WLCs are in different subnets?

A

by using an Ether-IP tunnel

76
Q

What is a wireless mobility group?

A

A client can roam to any WLC as long as it stays in a mobility group

77
Q

How should the switch port to which an autonomous AP be configured?

A

trunk

78
Q

How should the switch port to which a LAP be configured?

A

access

79
Q

At what layer should the WLC be connected?

A

distribution

80
Q

How should the switch port to which a WLC be configured?

A

trunk

81
Q

If the WLC connects to an Etherchannel, how should the channel be configured and why?

A

they should be an unconditional Etherchannel because the WLC can’t negotiate a channel.

82
Q

How much overlap should WAPs have?

A

10-15%

83
Q

How much overlap should a wireless repeater have?

A

roughly 50%

84
Q

What can cause a wireless client to switch between Aps?

A

missed beacons, dropped packets (max retry), weak signal (data rate switches down), an AP periodicallytries to find a stronger signal

85
Q

What are the 3 unlicensed frequencies?

A

900 MHz, 2.4Ghz, and 5-6GHz

86
Q

802.11b

A

1,2,5.5 and 11 Mbps, Channels 1/6/11, 2.4Ghz

87
Q

802.11g

A

Compatible with 802.11b, up to 54Mbps in 12 data rates, 3 channels, 2.4Ghz

88
Q

802.11a

A

up to 54Mbps, not cross-compatible, 12 to 23 clean channels, 5.8 Ghz

89
Q

WEP encryption

A

weak key rotation

90
Q

EAP encryption

A

dynamic WEP keys that change periodically

91
Q

WPA encryption

A

interim solution, uses same hardware as WEP, but uses TKIP encryption

92
Q

WPA2 encryption

A

needs hardware upgrade over WEP, uses AES encryption

CCNP Switch (16 decks)

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