Stomach

Question 1

What are the four main regions of the stomach?

Answer 1

Cardia: sorrounds the opening of the oesophagus into stomach.

Fundus: Area above the cardial orifice

Body of the stomach

Pyloric part

Question 2

What are the two divisions of the pylorus?

Answer 2

Pyloric antrum

Pyloric canal

Question 3

What seperates the cardia and body of the stomach from the fundus?

Answer 3

Horizontal line from the cardial notch

Question 4

What seperates the body of the stomach from the pyloric part?

Answer 4

Diaganol line from the angular incisure of the stomach

Question 5

Describe the medial and lateral borders of the stomach

Answer 5

Both borders are curvature

Medial border is known as the lesser curvature

Lateral border is known as the greater curvature

Question 6

State the structure which acts as an opening from the stomach into the duodenum

Answer 6

The pyloric orifice

Question 7

The ring of gastric circular muscle which sorrounds the pyloric orifice is known as?

Answer 7

The pyloric sphincter

Question 8

What is the purpose of the pyloric sphincter?

Answer 8

Enables food to enter from stomach to small intestine and prevents partially digested food and juices from reentering the small intestine

Question 9

Describe the cardiovascular supply of the stomach

Answer 9

Supplied by:

The right gastric artery which branches from the common hepatic artery of the coeliac trunk

The left gastric artery which arises directly from the coelic trunk

Right gastro-omental artery: terminal branch of the gastroduodenal artery, which arises from the common hepatic artery

Left gastro-omental artery: Arises from the splenic artery which itself arises from the coelic trunk

Question 10

Describe the location of the anterior surface of the stomach in relation to nearby structures.

Answer 10

Related to the left lobe of the liver

Transverse colon

Anterior abdominal wall

Question 11

Describe the location of the posterior surface of the stomach in relation to nearby structures.

Answer 11

Is related to:

The left hemidiaphragm

The left kidney

The spleen

The pancreas

Question 12

The lesser curvature of the stomach and first part of the duodenum are connected to the liver by which ligament?

Answer 12

The hepatogastric ligament

Question 13

The oesophagus enters the abdomen via and at which vertebral level?

Answer 13

The oesophageal hiatus T10