polimixinas Flashcards

1
Q

descubiertas en

A

1947

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2
Q

elaborados por cepas diversas de

A

bacillus polymyxa

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3
Q

en los 60s se usaban contra

A

P. aeruginosa

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4
Q

en los 80s se dejan de usar por

A

nefrotoxicidad

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5
Q

recientemente se vuelven a usar debido a

A

bacilos gram - MDR

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6
Q

SON ACTIVOS CONTRA GRAM +?

A

NO

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7
Q

son activos contra anaerobios?

A

no, solo contra muy poquitos anaerobios,

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8
Q

cuantos mecanismos de acción tiene?

A

3

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9
Q

mecanismos de acción

penetran en las membranas celulares e interactúan con los fosfolípidos de membrana, lo que:

A

lleva a cambios en la permeabilidad y lisis celular

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10
Q

mecanismos de acción
se unen a la porción lipídica __ de la endotoxina (el lipopolisacárido de la membrana externa de bacterias gram -) e inactiva dicha molécula

A

A

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11
Q

espectro útil

a 0.05 a 2 ug/ml

A

gram -

enterobacter
e. coli
kleibsiella
salmonella
pasteurella
bordetella
shigella
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12
Q

resistentes !!!

MIC 4.0 mg/mL

A

pseudomonas

acinetobacter

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13
Q

usos terapéuticos

tópico:

A

polimixina B vía oftálmica, ótica y tópica en combinación

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14
Q

usos terapéuticos

sistémico:

A

infecciones graves con microorganismos MDR

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