Alcohols and Carboxylic acids Flashcards
What functional group fo alcohols contain?
-OH
What are the names and formulae of the first four alcohols?
- Methanol (CH3OH)
- Ethanol (C2H5OH)
- Propanol (C3H7OH)
- Butanol (C4H9OH)
Draw the displayed formula of ethanol
How is boiling point affected by an alcohol’s chain length?
As the chain length of an alcohol increases, boiling point increases.
How can an alkene be produced from an alcohol?
During a dehydration reaction with sulfuric acid. Water is also produced.
What functional group do carboxylic acids contain?
-COOH
What are the names and formulae of the first four carboxylic acids?
- Methanoic acid (HCOOH)
- Ethanoic acid (CH3COOH)
- Propanoic acid (C2H5COOH)
- Butanoic acid (C3H7COOH)
Draw the displayed formula of propanoic acid
Fill in the blank: ‘Solutions of carboxylic acids have typical _____ properties’
Acidic
How can ethanol be converted into ethanoic acid?
Oxidation
Butanol is oxidised. What is the product?
Butanoic acid
Why do members of the same homologous series undergo similar reactions?
The molecules have the same functional group so have similar chemical properties
Which renewable process can be used to produce ethanol?
By fermentation of carbohydrates in aqueous solution with yeast (provides enzymes).
What conditions are required for the fermentation of glucose to form ethanol?
- Anaerobic conditions (no oxygen).
- Warm to increase rate of reaction without denaturing enzymes in the yeast
What is the word and balanced chemical equation for the fermentation of glucose?
- Glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide
- C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
