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MSK > Lecture 9 Musculoskeletal Growth/Injury and Repair- Nerve > Flashcards

Lecture 9 Musculoskeletal Growth/Injury and Repair- Nerve Flashcards

1
Q

What are axons coated with

A

Endoneurium

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2
Q

What is another name for nerve bundles

A

Fascicles

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3
Q

What are nerve bundles covered with

A

Perineurium

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4
Q

Fascicles are grouped together to form_____

A

A nerve

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5
Q

What is the covering of a nerve called

A

Epineurium

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6
Q

What is the function of Group IA and IB fibres

A

15 microns
Large motor axons
Muscle stretch and tension sensory axons

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7
Q

What is the function of Group II afferents

A

12-14 microns

Touch, pressure, vibration and joint position sensory axons

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8
Q

What is the function of Ag fibres

A

8-10 microns

Gamma efferent motor axons

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9
Q

What is the function of Group III afferents

A

10-15 microns

Sharp pain, very light touch & temperature sensation

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10
Q

What is the function of group B fibres

A

3-10 microns

Sympathetic pregranglionic motor axons

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11
Q

What is the function of C Group IV afferents

A

<1.5 microns

Dull, aching, burning pain and temperature sensation

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12
Q

Name classical compression injuries

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome
Sciatica
Morton’s neuroma

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13
Q

What is neurapraxia

A
  • Nerve in continuity- all the way down to the axon
  • Stretched (8% will damage microcirculation) or bruised
  • Reversible conduction block
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14
Q

What is axonotmesis

A

Endoneurium intact but disruption of axons

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15
Q

What is neurotmesis

A

Complete nerve division
Laceration or avulsion
No recovery unless direct suturing or grafting

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16
Q

What are classed as closed nerve injuries

A

Neuopraxis

Axonotmesis

17
Q

What are classed as open injuries

A

Nerve division

Neurotmetic injuries

18
Q

What are the clinical features of nerve damage

A

Dysesthesia
Paresis
Dry skin
Diminished or absent reflexes

19
Q

What are the 2 types of nerve repair

A

Direct repair

Nerve grafting

20
Q

What is the rule of three for traumatic peripheral nerve injury

A
  • Immediate surgery within 3 days for clean and sharp injuries
  • Early surgery within 3 weeks for blunt/contusion injuries
  • Delayed surgery performed 3 months after injury, for closed injuries
21
Q

How is the strength affected in LMN lesion

A

Decreased

22
Q

How is the tone affected in LMN lesion

A

Decreased

23
Q

How is the deep tendon relfexes affected in LMN lesion

A

Decreased

24
Q

How is clonus affected in LMN lesion

A

Absent

25
Q

Would you see Babinski’s sign in LMN lesion

A

No

26
Q

Is atrophy present in LMN lesion

A

Yes

MSK (33 decks)

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