M6- Topic 3: Urban dynamics Part 1 Urban Dynamics of Change: Urban Consolidation

Question 1

What is urban consolidation

Answer 1

A policy designed to increase population densities by construction of medium to high density housing in already built up inner (Barangaroo, Pyrmont) and middle suburbs (Parramatta)

Question 2

Why is urban consolidation happening in Sydney (4)

Answer 2

• average 1600 new residence each week coming into Sydney(demand for real estate)
• in 2016-2041: 1.03 million additional homes are required to accommodate 2.4 million population increase
• increasing house prices
• increase in overseas residence, who are accustomed to living in apartments
• Sydney’s aim to decrease urban sprawl

Question 3

What are the economic advantages of Urban consolidation in Sydney (3)

Answer 3

• Overcome the mandatory $28000 in infrastructure expenses to state and local services when building on the outskirts of Sydney
• Reduction of block size through subdivision, (1 property into 2
• More affordable, as smaller land with lower infrastructure requirements

Question 4

What are the economic disadvantages of Urban consolidation in Sydney (2)

Answer 4

• risk of apartment style dwellings going “out of fashion” ➝ oversupply ➝ decrease property value
• Balance between supply and demand must be maintained

Question 5

How is Urban Consolidation being achieved in Sydney (2)

Answer 5

• in Sydney’s metropolitan area, 3-4 low density detached buildings can be demolished into apartments
• Construction of manor homes ( 2 story house with 4 separate apartments) in low density suburbs aim to create 180,000 new homes in 30 years

Question 6

What are the social advantages of Urban Consolidation (2)

Answer 6

• Less urban sprawl = lower reliance on cars ➝ decrease in car accidents
• Reduces inequality from sprawling suburbs (equal access to services)

Question 7

What are the social disadvantages of Urban consolidation (2)

Answer 7

• May increase divide between the advantaged and disadvantaged as the inner city is prioritised over suburban issues (ie public transport)
• decrease in privacy due to density

Question 8

What are the Environmental advantages of Urban Consolidation (4)

Answer 8

• Reduce Sydney’s ecological footprint, as 500000 hectares require the resources of 17 million hectares
• Less urban sprawl = lower reliance on cars ➝ decrease use of petrol
• Reduce transport costs y up to 56%
• Less land is cleared for new suburbs(ie farm and bush land)

Question 9

What are the Environmental disadvantages of Urban Consolidation (3)

Answer 9

• Modern architecture of apartments clash threaten the morphology (the style and character) of existing precincts.
• solar access decreases
• Consolidated dwellings dominate the streetscape

Question 10

What is an example of Urban Consolidation in Sydney, and what is happenin g there

Answer 10

Balmain

- the construction of 42000 apartments 2003-2007

Question 11

What is Decentralisation

Answer 11

Decentralisation is the government initiated movement of people, commerce or industry out of the CBD towards the suburbs or an alternative city / area.

Question 12

When did decentralisation occur in Sydney

Answer 12

• 1960’s; planned industrial development of Sydney’s outer suburbs of the time, (ie Bankstown) with services such as retail through shopping centres (ie westfield)

Question 13

What are the disadvantages of Decentralisation (2)

Answer 13

• Decentralisation of family life, (cause people to move) ➝ early family break up
• Movement away from large job markets in cities like sydney

Question 14

Why did decentralisation occur in Sydney (3)

Answer 14

• The environmental decline within Sydney
• Increase in cost of basic services
• Limited opportunities for those in rural areas

Question 15

How is decentralisation being achieved (Sydney)

Answer 15

Through placing industries such as call centres, and services such as schools, hospitals and universities

Question 16

What are the conditions a regional centre must have to be self sufficient (7)

Answer 16

• access to natural resources
• Self-sustaining population
• A Retail Base
• Diverse employment base
• Sporting amenities
• basic services (schools, hospitals, universities, transport)
• Entertainment facilities

Question 17

What are the effects of decentralisation on Sydney and elsewhere (2)

Answer 17

• Decentralisation of Sydney’s manufacturing in the suburbs created employment in these areas & loss of jobs in the city
• Growth of regional centres at the expense of small towns (ie people from Narromine ➝ Dubbo population grew by 50% between 1980-99)

Question 18

What is an example of decentralisation (3)

Answer 18

Bathurst( regional centre)

• Charles Sturt university which has a highly regarded Bachelor of Communications, and accommodates 37000 students
• Has a low cost business base opportunity
• Excellent public and private schools