❌The Golden Triangle Flashcards
What is the golden triangle?
Sport, business and media.
Shows how they link together
What is commercialisation?
The treating of sport as a commodity, involving the buying and selling of assets, with the market as the driving force behind sport
What is merchandising?
The practice in which the brand or image from one ‘product’ is used to sell another
What’s an example of merchandising?
Professional sports performers/teams promote various products including mobile phones, betting companies, etc.
What is media?
An organised means of communication by which large numbers of people can be reached quickly
What are the positive impacts of media in sport?
People gain knowledge of sport from the media.
Increases profile of sport and individuals.
Sports with high level of skill, physical challenge, easily understood, short timescale, nationally relevant are seen as ’good’ tv.
Generates high income for sports
Increased standards of performance.
What are the negative impacts of media in sport?
Some sports are less attractive - seen as less popular with limited audience.
Government have to ‘ring-fence’ certain sporting events for terrestrial TV - this is declining.
NGBs lose control - traditional nature of sports lost - dictate times/breaks for adverts/ seasons.
Media can over-sensationalise negatives.
Lower attendance at events due to being on TV.
What is ring-fencing?
A number of sporting events at national and international level must be available for viewing on terrestrial or free-to-access TV rather than on satellite and subscription channels.
Why is ring-fencing done?
To access the widest number and range of viewers
To avoid restricting coverage to subscription channels available only to those who can afford them.
To increase geographical access to all viewers in all parts of the country to major sporting events.
To enable viewing of certain events which are seen as part of our sporting heritage and culture.
To enable access to sporting events which should be freely available to all to view (e.g. Olympic games).
What are the positive impacts of media on performers?
Increased income High profile - role models Improved facilities/coaching Could gain more sponsors More spectators
What are the positive impacts of media on spectators?
Increased performance standards - more exciting and better entertainment.
Improved quality of facilities - large and higher quality stadiums, from increased investment.
Improved viewing experience via innovations such as changes in ball colour, creation of team merchandise.
Increased access to watch sport; more opportunities to watch events live as more competitions, etc, are taking place.
More variations of a sport format develop which provide alternative viewing experiences.
More funding is available to provide entertainment (breaks, cheerleading, etc) at sport events.
Rule changes introduced provide extra interest and extra excitement.
Increased funding improved technology at a ground (video screens) and at home.
Increased excitement in the audience while awaiting the decisions of off-field officials (Hawkeye in tennis).
Increased awareness of and knowledge of sport - creation of role models for fans to idolise.
Increased elimination of negative aspects of sport (e.g. hooliganism).
What are the negative impacts of media on spectators?
Increase costs to watch sport, e.g. on pay-per-view satellite channels.
Loss of traditional nature of sport.
Increased number of breaks in play to accommodate adverts and decisions of officials.
Fewer tickets available for fans; more are allocated to sponsors and corporate hospitality
Changes in kickoff times to maximise viewing figures, which is not always in the best interests of the long-distance travelling fans who wishes to watch it live.
Minority sports receive less coverage.
Links to ‘team or player merchandise’ are sometimes viewed negatively due to their high cost and regularity of change.
What are the positive impacts of media on coaches/managers?
Higher profile - increases public awareness of their role.
Higher salaries
More money in sport, so they can invest in their squad, training, medial provisions, etc.
Can analyse their opponents more
Learn from other high level coaches
What are the negative impacts of media on coaches/managers?
Under a lot of pressure to be successful and win matches.
High level of public expectation to produce positive results.
High risk of losing job if not successful
High pressure to answer and deal with media.
Inequalities in the level funding (lower level, minority sports)
Hard to attract the best, high level performers if limited media coverage = financially disadvantaged.
What are the positive impacts of media on officials?
Increased profile - increases public awareness of their role in ensuring fairness in sport.
An increase in salary and possibility of full-time job opportunities are part of an elite group of match officials
Increased funding to invest in support systems and training to improve standards of officiating; increased ability to learn from other officials.
Increased funding to invest in technology to aid officials in their decision making.
