Chemistry1 7F Acids and alkalis Flashcards
Name 2 acids you might find in your kitchen
Lemon (juice)
Vinegar
Name an alkali that you might find in your kitchen.
Oven cleaner
Do acids taste sweet, salty or sour?
Acids taste sour.
What does this hazard symbol mean?
Toxic
What does this hazard symbol mean?
Corrosive
What does this hazard symbol mean?
Harmful
What do you call a substance that changes colour to show whether something is an acid or an alkali?
A substance that changes colour to show whether something is an acid or an alkali is called an indicator.
If universal indicator goes red in a substance, what sort of substance is it?
If universal indicator goes red in a substance, the substance is a strong acid.
If universal indicator goes yellow in a substance, what sort of substance is it?
If universal indicator goes yellow in a substance, then it is a weak acid.
If universal indicator goes green in a substance, what sort of substance is it?
If universal indicator goes green in a substance, then the substance is neutral.
If universal indicator goes dark purple in a substance, what sort of substance is it?
If universal indicator goes dark purple in a substance, then it is a strong alkali.
What is the name of the scale that indicates how acidic or alkaline a substance is?
The name of the scale that indicates how acidic or alkaline a substance is, is the pH scale.
What pH is a neutral solution?
A neutral solution is pH 7
What pH is acid?
Acid is pH 1 to 6.
1 is a strong acid and 6 is a weak acid.
What pH is alkali?
Alkali is pH 8 to 14.
8 is a strong alkali and 14 is a weak alkali.
State the word that describes the reaction between an acid and an alkali.
The word that describes the reaction between an acid and an alkali is neutralisation.
What is the general word equation for neutralisation?
acid + alkali → salt + water
Is sodium hydroxide an acid or an alkali?
sodium hydroxide is an alkali.
Whenever you something hydroxide, that’s an alkali!
The word equation for a reaction is:
hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide → sodium chloride + water
State the names of the two reactants in the word equation.
The names of the two reactants in the word equation are:
hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide
The reactants are what react together in the reaction
nitric acid reacts with calcium hydroxide to make a salt and water.
What is the name of the salt formed
The salt formed would be calcium nitrate
A student wants to prepare a salt of magnesium chloride from a neutralisation reaction.
Which acid should they use?
To make a chloride, you would use hydrochloric acid.
A student wants to prepare a salt of magnesium nitrate from a neutralisation reaction.
Which acid should they use?
To make a nitrate, you would use nitric acid.
A student wants to prepare a salt of copper sulphate from a neutralisation reaction.
Which acid should they use?
To make a sulphate, you would use sulphuric (sulfuric) acid.
When adding copper oxide (a black powder) to hydrochloric acid, how would you be able to tell that the neutralisation reaction was complete?
When the neutralisation reaction is complete, no more copper oxide will dissolve in the acid and you will be left with some black powder
