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World Issues > Unit 1: Population > Flashcards

Unit 1: Population Flashcards

1
Q

What is natural change?

A

Could be either either an increase or a decrease, # of births - #deaths

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2
Q

What is a replacement level?

A

When the number of births equals the number of deaths.

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3
Q

What is life expectancy?

A

The average number of years a person is expected to live in a specific country.

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4
Q

How do we calculate doubling time?

A

Rule of 70: 70 ÷ rate of natural increase (not in decimal form)

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5
Q

What is exponential growth?

A

Growth at an increasingly rapid rate in proportion to the growing total number or size.

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6
Q

What is a birth rate?

A

Number of births per 1000 of the country’s population.

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7
Q

What is a death rate?

A

Number of births per 1000 of the country’s population.

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8
Q

What is momentum of growth, also known as population momentum?

A

An occurrence where the growth rate is EXPECTED to decrease, but the actual population continues to grow.

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9
Q

How do we calculate the % Rate of Change?

A

(((Year 2 Population - Year 1 Population)/Year 1 Population) x 100) ÷ # of years

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10
Q

What did Thomas Malthus believe?

A

Population Checks, such as poverty and disease, would naturally control the population if it were to get out of hand.

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11
Q

What did Ehrlich believe?

A

Population growth is bad for the planet.

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12
Q

What did Simon believe?

A

Population growth is positive.

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13
Q

What is the high fluctuating stage of a DTM characterized by?

A

STAGE 1: High+Stable Birth rate, high+unstable death rate, slow population growth, low life expectancy.

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14
Q

What’s an example of a region in the high fluctuating stage?

A

Rural Areas

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15
Q

What is the expanding stage characterized by in the DTM?

A

STAGE 2: High birth rate, low death rate, high fertility rate, large+quick population growth.

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16
Q

Whats an example of a region in the expanding stage?

A

Nigeria and many countries in Africa.

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17
Q

What is the late expanding stage characterized by in the DTM?

A

STAGE 3: Low birth rate, low death rate, low fertility rate, high life expectancy, already high population but low population growth.

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18
Q

What is an example of a region in the expanding stage?

A

China

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19
Q

What is the low growth stage characterized by in the DTM?

A

STAGE 4: Low birth rate, low death rate, low fertility rate, low fertility rate, high life expectancy, population not too high to begin with + slow population growth

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20
Q

What is an example of a region in the low growth stage?

A

Canada

21
Q

What is the declining stage characterized by in the DTM?

A

STAGE 5: Low birth rate, high death rate.

22
Q

What is an example of a region in the low growth stage?

A

Czech Republic

23
Q

What is the ideal stage considered to be?

A

Stage 4

24
Q

Determinants for levels of development?

A

Urbanization, Unemployment Rate, Quality of Life Index, Literacy Rate, etc.

25
Q

What are some examples of Developed countries?

A

New Zealand, Germany, China, etc.

26
Q

What are some examples of Developing Countries?

A

Bolivia, India, Mexico, Thailand, etc.

27
Q

What are some examples of Under Developed countries?

A

Haiti, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Afghanistan, etc.

28
Q

What is the biggest threat to our Earth in present day according to “How Many people can live on Planet Earth”?

A

Overpopulation

29
Q

Natural Population checks include…

A

Disease, famine, etc.

30
Q

Overpopulation is a problem because we are already facing severe shortage of these two necessities:

A

Water and food.

31
Q

Which country, already struggling to feed its own current population, is most targeted for foreign investors?

A

Africa

32
Q

Which non-renewable resource are we beginning to see shortages of?

A

Energy deriving from fossil fuel.

33
Q

What is carrying capacity?

A

An estimation of how big a population our Earth can support.

34
Q

What is bio-capacity and in what unit is it measured in?

A

All food, water and energy produced. It is measured in global hectiles.

35
Q

What is the fertility rate?

A

The amount of LIVE births per 1000 people.

36
Q

Why is urbanization occurring in Lesser Developed Countries?

A
  • third parties are taking over agricultural land
  • low resources in rural areas
  • natural hazards ex. desertification
  • more opportunities available in cities
  • farmers are manipulated out of their land
  • commercial farming is increasing
37
Q

Which country in the movie “Population Paradox” has a very slow rate of urbanization, which 40% of its land rural due to high poverty?

A

India

38
Q

What is the main problem with urbanization?

A

It’s mostly taking place in Lesser Developed Countries.

39
Q

What is a slum?

A

Towns where residents have no legal right to the land.

40
Q

What is the main problem with squatters, slums and favelas?

A

Too many people but too little space.

41
Q

In the DVD “Slum Cities”, drug cartels control the slums in….

A

Rio de Janeiro

42
Q

Which country has the highest population in Africa?

A

Nigeria.

43
Q

What are some reasons for a country (like the Czech Republic) to have a decreasing population?

A
  • Immigrants are paid to leave the country if unemployed.
  • Crime and homelessness
  • Socially small families are promoted
  • Low life expectancy
  • Expensive to have children
44
Q

Which country in Asia showed a remarkable decrease in population growth and fertility rates (from 6.1 to 1.2)?

A

South Korea.

45
Q

Iraq has very high population growth. What does the Islamic lifestyle promote which is detrimental to slowing down the rate of change?

A

Large families, little contraception and male dominance.

46
Q

Which country, other than the Czech Republic, is currently experiencing a decline?

A

Italy

47
Q

Why is the amount adults from 20-60 years old in Africa decreasing?

A

HIV/Aids

48
Q

What are some solutions for excessive population DECLINE?

A
  • Government Incentives ex. payment to have more children

- Immigration

49
Q

What are some solutions for excessive population INCREASE?

A
  • Religion ex. religious figures can promote smaller families & use of contraceptives
  • Equitable distribution of income
  • technological improvements
  • Improved Health care
  • Education ex. family planning
  • Debt reduction, reduction of poverty
  • Equality of women
  • Land reform
  • Population checks ex. disease, famine, etc.

World Issues (4 decks)

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