Chemistry Solids Liquids and Gasses C1

Question 1

Which process breaks down rocks down into smaller pieces?

Answer 1

Weathering

Question 2

What do you know about the size of particles and their effect on drainage in sandy soils and clay soils?

Answer 2

Sandy soil have large particles with big spaces between them; good drainage; hardly ever becomes water- logged. Clay soil has very small particles with tiny spaces between them; poor drainage; often becomes water-logged.

Question 3

There are three states of matter. Say what these states are and these three properties of each state

Answer 3

Solids: fixed mass, volume and shape. Liquids: fixed mass and volume but changes shape. Gas: fixed mass, but changes volume and shape.

Question 4

In each case, give the name of the process that best describes the changes below:

· Solid – liquid

· Liquid – gas

· Liquid – solid

· Gas – liquid

Answer 4

· Solid – liquid = melting

· Liquid – gas = evaporation

· Liquid – solid = freezing

· Gas – liquid = condensation

Question 5

Describe the position of particles in solids, liquids and gases

Answer 5

In a solid the particles are held strongly and closely in fixed positions. They vibrate about their fixed points
In a liquid the particles are close together but free to move around each other. They are constantly moving around each other and to other places as liquids flow.
In a gas the particles are far apart with no forces of attraction between them. They move quickly in all directions.

Question 6

Evaporation and condensation are physical changes. List at least two features of a physical change.

Answer 6

Substances do not change into other substances – no chemical reaction. May change state. Changes are temporary and may by reversed.

Question 7

Pure water boils at 100 degrees Celsius and freezes at 0 degrees Celsius. What happens to the boiling point when salt is added to water?

Answer 7

Boiling point will be raised well above 100 degrees Celsius

Question 8

Why do local councils put salt on the roads in winter?

Answer 8

To stop roads becoming icy as saltwater freezes well below 0 degrees Celsius.

Question 9

Iron (the only metal that rusts) need two substances to change it into rust. What are they?

Answer 9

Oxygen and water

Question 10

List three ways of preventing rusting

Answer 10

Covering iron with a layer of oil, coating in zinc (galvanizing), paint, plastic or tin