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The nervous system > Anatomy wk 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy wk 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 4 parts of the corpus callosum

A

Rostrum
Genu
Body
Splenium

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2
Q

What thin sheet of tissue separates the anterior horn of the lateral ventricles in the mid-saggital plane

A

Septum pellucidum

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3
Q

What is the septum pellucidum continuous superiorly/inferiorly with

A

Superiorly - Corpus callosum

Inferiorly - fornix

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4
Q

What does the fornix do

A

Link the hippocampus with the maxillary bodies

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5
Q

What bulbous projection is on the floor of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle

A

Caudate nucleus

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6
Q

What sulcus separates the hypothalamus and the thalamus

A

Hypothalamic sulcus

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7
Q

List some functions of the hypothalamus

A

Links CNS to endocrine system
Produces and secretes neurohormones
Maintains circadian rhythm (sleep-wake cycle)
Maintains overall homeostasis

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8
Q

What hangs down from the hypothalamus

A

Pituitary stalk (infundibulum) connecting to pituitary gland

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9
Q

Dural fold covering pituitary stalk

A

Diaphragma sellae

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10
Q

What 4 tiny structures is the pineal gland superior to

A

Superior and inferior colliculi

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11
Q

Name the 4 components of the basal ganglia (1 is anatomically not related to the rest)

A

Caudate nucleus
Globus pallidus
Putamen
Substantia nigra

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12
Q

What type of fibres make up the internal capsule + what is the role of these fibres

A

Projection fibres

Connect the cerebral hemispheres with other parts of the brain

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13
Q

Name the regions of the internal capsule (3)

A

Anterior limb
Genu
Posterior limb

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14
Q

What artery supplies the internal capsule

A

MCA

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15
Q

Where is the red nucleus in relation to the substantia nigra of the midbrain

A

Posterior to substantia nigra

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16
Q

What type of fibres (2) do the cerebral peduncles contain

A

Sensory + motor

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17
Q

What type of fibres do the middle cerebellar peduncles contain

A

Sensory only

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18
Q

Lentiform nucleus consists of (2)

A

putamen + globus pallidus

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19
Q

Internal capsule consists of white or grey matter

A

white

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20
Q

Internal capsule located between what areas of grey matter

A

caudate nucleus + thalamus medially and lentiform nucleus laterally

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21
Q

What type of fibre makes up the pyramid/olive of the medulla

A

motor

22
Q

2nd order neurons of the dorsal column cross over at the medulla and travel up the pons and rest of brainstem as what tract

A

medial lemniscus

23
Q

Significant grey matter elevation of the medulla

A

olivary nuclei

24
Q

Significant grey matter features in the midbrain

A

substantia nigra

red nucleus

25
Q

Significant nuclei of the pons

A

pontine nuclei - involved in motor activity

26
Q

Spinal cord ends at what level

A

L2 in adults

27
Q

How to tell it’a a cervical section of spinal cord - consider white/grey matter size + which horn (anterior/lateral/posterior) of the grey matter is biggest

A

Large area of white matter
Very little grey matter in centre compared to white

most grey matter in ventral horn

28
Q

How to tell it’a a thoracic section of spinal cord - consider white/grey matter size

A

White matter bigger than grey (like cervical but overall size is smaller than cervical)

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29
Q

How to tell it’a a lumbar section of spinal cord - consider white/grey matter size + which horn (anterior/lateral/posterior) of the grey matter is biggest

A

More grey matter than white

Very large ventral/anterior horn of grey matter

30
Q

Which aspect of the spinal cord receives sensory fibres

A

dorsal

31
Q

Which aspect of the spinal cord do motor fibres project down

A

ventral

32
Q

Why does the size of the ventral grey horn vary along the spinal cord (noticeably in cervical and lumbar regions)

A

due to brachial and lumbar plexus

33
Q

Opening in the base of skull of CN I

A

Cribriform plate formane

34
Q

Opening in the base of skull of CN II

A

Optic canal

35
Q

Opening in the base of skull of CN III

A

Superior orbital fissure

36
Q

Opening in the base of skull of CN IV

A

Superior orbital fissure

37
Q

Opening in the base of skull of -CN V1

  • CN V2
  • CN V3
A

Superior orbital fissure
Foramen rotundum
Foramen vale

38
Q

Opening in the base of skull of CN VI

A

Superior orbital fissure

39
Q

Opening in the base of skull of CN VII

A

Internal acoustic meatus –> facial canal

40
Q

Opening in the base of skull of CN VIII

A

Internal acoustic meatus

41
Q

Opening in the base of skull of CN IX

A

Jugular foramen

42
Q

Opening in the base of skull of CN X

A

Jugular formamen

43
Q

Opening in the base of skull of CN XI

A

Jugular foramen

44
Q

Opening in the base of skull of CN XII

A

Hypoglossal canal

45
Q

Which CNs have parasympathetic fibres (4)

A

III, VII, XI, X

46
Q

Which CNs are directly attached to brain (2)

A

I, II

47
Q

Which CNs are directly attached to midbrain (2)

A

III, IV

48
Q

Which CN is the only one to arise form posterior aspect of brain

A

CN IV

49
Q

Which CN is directly attached to the pons

A

CN V

50
Q

Which CNs emerge from the pontomedullary junction (3)

A

VI, VII, VIII

51
Q

Which CNs emerge from medulla (4)

A

IX, X, XI, XII

The nervous system (9 decks)

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