Ions/Ionic compounds

Question 1

What are positively charged ions called?

Answer 1

Cations

Question 2

What are negatively charged ions called?

Answer 2

Anions

Question 3

How are cations charged?

Answer 3

They lose electrons to become stable, and then have more protons than electrons, which makes them positive

Question 4

How are anions charged?

Answer 4

They gain electrons to become stable, and then have more electrons than protons, which makes them negative

Question 5

What charge do metal ions have?

Answer 5

A positive charge

Question 6

Are nonmetal ions cations or anions?

Answer 6

Anions

Question 7

What are ionic compounds made up of?

Answer 7

A cations and an anion / a metal and a nonmetal

Question 8

What net charge do ionic compounds have?

Answer 8

A net charge of zero, because the charges of the ions involved are balanced

Question 9

What are the six polyatomic ions we need to know for the exam?

Answer 9

Hydroxide (OH (-)), Ammonium (NH4 (+)), Nitrate (NO3 (-)), Carbonate (CO3 (2-)), Sulphate (SO4 (2-)) and Phosphate (PO4 (3-))

Question 10

What is the charge of the transition metals?

Answer 10

The roman numeral after the name, always positive, for example Lead (IV) is Pb 4+ and Lead (III) is Pb 3+

Question 11

Why do ions form?

Answer 11

So they can have complete valence shells and become stable