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Microbiology > Anaerobic Bacteria > Flashcards

Anaerobic Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Obligate aerobe

A

only aerobic growth - oxygen required

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2
Q

Facultative anaerobe

A

aerobic and anaerobic growth - greater growth with oxygen present

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3
Q

Obligate anaerobe

A

only anaerobic growth - cannot grow when oxygen is present (toxic)

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4
Q

Aerotolerant anaerobe

A

anaerobic growth - growth continues with oxygen present

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5
Q

Microaerophilic

A

aerobic growth - oxygen required in low concentrations

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6
Q

Capnophilic

A

aerobic growth - CO2 required in high concentration

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7
Q

BBE agar

A

enriched, selective, differential for B fragilis group

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8
Q

KVL agar

A

enriched, selective, differential - prevents growth facultative gram nneg and gram pos
larked blood enhances pigment formation

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9
Q

CNA agar

A

inhibits gram neg and used to grow most gram pos and facultative

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10
Q

Egg yolk agar

A

detect proteolytic enzymes produced by clostridium

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11
Q

lecithinase

A

opaque zone around colony

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12
Q

lipase

A

blue green sheen on surface around colony

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13
Q

Bacteroides fragilis group ID

A 
gram (-) rod
coccobacilli
20% bile (+)
bile esculin (+)
vancomycin (R)
kanamycin (R)
colistin (R)
growth on KVL agar
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14
Q

Prevotella ID

A 
gram (-) rod
pigmented (black)
brick red under UV light
vancomycin (R)
kanamycin (R)
growth on KVL agar
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15
Q

Porphyromonas ID

A 
gram (-) rod
pigmented (black)
brick red under UV light
colistin (R)
indole (+)
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16
Q

Fusobacterium ID

A

gram (-) rod
vancomycin (R)
indole (+)

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17
Q

Fusobacterium nucleatum

A

gram (-) rod

causes serious pulmonary infections - most common

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18
Q

Fusobacterium necrophorum

A

gram (-) rod

lung and liver abscesses - more serious

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19
Q

Fusobacterium infection

A

Lemierres syndrome

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20
Q

Veillonella ID

A

gram (-) cocci
red fluorescence
nitrate (+)
mouth/urogenital infection

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21
Q

Acidaminococcus ID

A

gram (-) cocci

GI tract infection

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22
Q

Megasphaera ID

A

gram (-) cocci
GI tract infection
glucose (+)

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23
Q

Finegoldia magna ID

A

gram (+) cocci

Skin/soft tissue/bone/joint infections

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24
Q

Peptostreptococcus ID

A

gram (+) cocci

abdominal and female genital tract infections

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25
Q

Anaerococcus ID

A

gram (+) cocci

abdominal and female genital tract infections

26
Q

Parvimonas micra ID

A

gram (+) cocci

oral pathogen

27
Q

anaerobic gram (+) cocci

A

olive green pigment colonies that become black
inhibition by SPS
adhesion factors, biofilm production (virulence factors)

28
Q

Clostridium species

A

(R) to disinfection processes

29
Q

Clostridium perfringens infections

A

gas gangrene
post abortion sepsis
food poisoning

30
Q

Clostridium perfringens virulence factors

A

enterotoxin and exotoxin that can cause severe tissue damage (histotoxin)

31
Q

Clostridium tetani virulence factor

A

tetanospasmin - neurotoxin that effects spinal cord resulting in involuntary muscle contractions (begin with lock jaw and progress to backward arching of back muscles)

32
Q

Clostridium tetani treatment

A

DPT - diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus trivalent vaccine

33
Q

Clostridium botulinum infections

A

food botulism
infant botulism
wound botulism
iatrogenic botulism

34
Q

food botulism

A

home canned foods containing spores

35
Q

infant botulism

A

ingest spores then grow in intestines and produce toxin

36
Q

wound botulism

A

contaminated with spores - increase with IV drug abuse

37
Q

iatrogenic botulism

A

toxin therapy for excessive muscle activity or cosmetic use (overdose)

38
Q

Clostridium botulinum virulence factor

A

botulism toxin - neurotoxin that binds to the synapse of nerve fibers, resulting in acute (flaccid) paralysis and death

39
Q

Clostridium difficile info

A

high carriage rate in intestines of patients who have received broad spectrum antimicrobial agents and have eliminated normal intestinal flora

40
Q

Clostridium difficile virulence factors

A

enterotoxin A and cytotoxin B

41
Q

Clostridium difficile diagnosis

A

growing toxin production bacteria from stool sample
detecting toxin in stool using cell monolayers
detecting toxin in stool using immunoassays
detecting glutamate dehydrogenase antigen
molecular detection of the toxin gene

42
Q

Clostridium septicum infection

A

suggests colon cancer when found in blood cultures

occasionally cause of gas gangrene

43
Q

Clostridium septicum virulence factor

A

histotoxin

44
Q

Clostridium perfringens ID

A

double zone beta hemolysis
lecithinase (+)
subterminal spores
nagler test (+)

45
Q

Clostridium tetani ID

A

round terminal spores resembling drumsticks

46
Q

Clostridium botulinum ID

A

lecithinase (+)
lipase (+)
oval/subterminal spores resembling tennis rackets

47
Q

Clostridium difficile ID

A

CCFA agar - fluoresce under UV light

oval/subterminal spores

48
Q

Clostridium septicum

A

swarming medusa head

49
Q

Actinomyces infection

A

causes lumpy jaw, abdominal and chest infections and pelvic infections in women with intrauterine devices

50
Q

Actinomyces virulence factor

A

fimbriae

51
Q

Cutibacterium acnes infection

A

plays a role in acne and is recovered from infections of prosthetic devices - also can cause corneal ulcers after cataract surgery
opportunistic pathogen

52
Q

Cutibacterium acnes virulence factor

A

production of enzymes that can cause tissue damage

53
Q

Mobiluncus infection

A

associated with bacterial vaginitis, pelvic inflammatory disease and abdominal infections

54
Q

Mobiluncus virulence factor

A

ability to adhere to epithelial cells

55
Q

Lactobacillus info

A

helps to maintain acidic environment in vagina
is population decreases, risk of BV increases
rarely pathogenic, used as probiotic

56
Q

Bifidobacterium info

A

mostly nonpathogenic - probiotic

57
Q

Eubacterium

A

mostly nonpathogenic

58
Q

Actinomyces ID

A

filamentous branching rods

molar tooth

59
Q

Cutibacterium ID

A

anaerobic diphtheroid
catalase (+)
indole (+)

60
Q

Mobiluncus ID

A 
stains gram (-) but has a cell wall structure of gram (+)
curved rod
61
Q

Lactobacillus ID

A

aerotolerant

alpha hemolytic on blood agar

62
Q

Bifidobacterium ID

A

bifurcated rods

indole (+)

Microbiology (37 decks)

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