Ethical Case Theories

Question 1

What are the steps for Act Utilitarianism?

Answer 1

1. Determine each possible action
2. Calcualte the pros and cons for each person under each action.
3. Sum up all the pros and cons
4. Choose the one with the most utility.

Question 2

What are the steps for Rule Utilitarianism?

Answer 2

1. Determine the rule that people must follow (Something you always do).
2. Same steps as act utilitariansim from step 2 on.

Question 3

What are the steps for Kantian Ethics?

Answer 3

1st Categorical Imperative:

1. Make a maxim for action
2. Make it a universal law
3. Is it a contradiction in conception?
4. Is it a contradiction in will?

2nd Categorical Imperative:

1. Are you using people as tools (deceiving)?
2. Are you respecting humanities intrinsic value( treating as ends not means)?

Question 4

What are the steps for W.D. Rosses Prima Facie Duties?

Answer 4

Justice
Non-Injury
Fidelity
Veracity
Reperations
Benficience
Self-Improvement
Gratitude

1. Determine possible actions
2. Apply and explain applicable duties
3. Choose action with the most weight

Question 5

What are the steps for Virtue ethics?

Answer 5

Virtues:

Courage
Wisdom
Benevelence
Kindness
Temperance
Patience
Truthfulness
Modesty

Vices:
Cowardice
Rash
Impatient
Unkind
Envy
Mean
Lazy

1. Determine each possible action
2. Determine which virtues and vices apply and explain
3. Select action with most weight

Question 6

What are the steps for Rawl’s theory of justice?

Answer 6

1. Determine principles behind veil of ignorance (position of which you do not know who you are or what you have)
2. Determine Principles that benefit everyone.