Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Flashcards
1
Q
What causes OSA?
what is it characterised by?
A
caused by collapse of the pharyngeal airway during sleep
characterised by apnoea episodes where the person stops breathing during sleep periodically for up to a few mins
2
Q
What are the risk factors
A
think typical lorry driver
middle aged male obese smoking drinking
also
- macroglossia (acromegaly, hypothyroidism)
- large tonsils
- marfan’s syndrome
3
Q
what are the features of OSA
A
- apnoea episodes during sleep,
- reduced 02 sats during sleep and compensated respiratory acidosis - snoring
- waking unrefreshed
- morning headaches
- daytime tiredness, poor concentration
- hypertension
4
Q
what can severe cases of OSA cause?
A
- htn
- heart failure
- stroke
- MI
5
Q
How can sleepiness be assessed?
A
Epworth Sleepiness Scale
6
Q
How is OSA diagnosed?
A
Sleep studies (polysomnogprahy) (oxygen sats, HR, PR, breathing, EEG)
7
Q
How is OSA managed?
A
- correct reversible RF e.g - smoking, alcohol, weight
- CPAP
- Surgery - uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP)
- DVLA informed if excessive daytime sleepiness
