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Hazmat > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Substances that possess harmful characteristics are called hazardous materials in the U.S. and dangerous goods in Canada

A

hazardous materials, dangerous goods

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2
Q

When particularly dangerous hazardous materials, including CBRNE materials, are used as weapons, they are sometimes referred to as Weapons of mass destruction

A

Weapons of mass destruction

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3
Q

A hazardous materials/wmd incident is an emergency involving a substance that poses an unreasonable risk to people, the environment, and property.

A

property

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4
Q

In addition to governmental regulations, the National Fire Protection Association has several consensus standards that apply to personnel who respond to hazmat emergencies.

A

National Fire Protection Association

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5
Q

Standard for Hazmat/ WMD emergency response personnel professional qualifications.

A

NFPA 1072

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6
Q

Standard for Competence of responders to hazmat/wmd incidents.

A

NFPA 472

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7
Q

Standard for competencies for EMS personnel responding to Hazmat/wmd incidents.

A

NFPA 473

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8
Q

Individuals who train to meet NFPA 1072 will meet or exceed OSHA requirements for awareness, operations, and technician.

A

NFPA 1072

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9
Q

Whether involved or not, the mere presence of hazardous materials may change the Incident’s dynamics.

A

Incident’s dynamics

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10
Q

If you are a first responder to hazmat incidents in the U.S., by law your employer must meet the requirements set forth in the HAZWOPER regulation 29 CFR 1910.120.

A

HAZWOPER

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11
Q

Awareness level personnel are typically at the incident when it occurs.

A

Awareness

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12
Q

Operations responders are dispatched to the scene in order to mitigate the incident.

A

Operations

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13
Q

Operations level responders may be trained beyond the set of core competencies to perform additional defensive tasks and limited offensive actions.

A

Operations Mission Specific

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14
Q

Performs offensive tasks, including controlling releases at hazmat incidents and may supervise the activities of Operations level responders performing Mission Specific tasks.

A

Hazardous Materials Technician

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15
Q

Provides additional expertise in areas, such as radiation, monitoring and detection equipment, or certain container types.

A

Hazmat Tech with Specialty

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16
Q

Manages the incident by making command decisions to utilize resources and determine strategies and tactics to mitigate the emergency.

A

Hazmat incident commander

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17
Q

Manages the hazmat personnel and operations under the direction of the IC.

A

Hazmat Officer

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18
Q

Ensures that recognized safe practices are followed at hazmat incidents.

A

Hazmat Safety Officer

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19
Q

Provide expertise in specialized areas, such as chemicals, processes, containers, and special operations, typically in an advisory capacity.

A

Specialists

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20
Q

NFPA 1072 and 472 identify three training levels —-

A

Awareness, Operations, and Operations Mission Specific

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21
Q

Known by the acronym APIE these steps form a consistent problem-solving process that can be used at any incident, regardless of size or complexity.

A

APIE

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22
Q

During this phase of the problem-solving process, personnel and responders attempt to understand the current situation.

A

Analyze the incident

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23
Q

During this phase, responders use the information gathered during the analysis phase to determine what actions need to be taken to mitigate the incident.

A

Plan the Initial response

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24
Q

During this phase, responders perform the tasks determined in the planning stage.

A

Implement the response

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25
Q

During this phase, which continues throughout the incident until termination, responders monitor progress to see whether the response plan is working.

A

Evaluate progress

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26
Q

Because Awareness level personnel and Operations level responders have limited responsibilities at hazmat incidents, not all aspects of APIE are addressed in the Awareness and Operations levels.

A

APIE

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27
Q

The acronym, APIE can help responders devise a 4 step response to any hazmat incident.

A

APIE

28
Q

Personnel who are trained and certified to the Awareness level are individuals who, in the course of their normal duties, may be the first to arrive at or witness a hazmat incident.

A

Awareness

29
Q

Awareness personnel must always exercise situational awareness.

A

situational awareness

30
Q

Perception of the surrounding environment and the ability to anticipate future events.

A

Situational awareness

31
Q

After arriving at a hazmat incident, Awareness personnel should transmit information and call for assistance, initiate protective actions, and isolate the hazardous area and deny entry.

A

Awareness

32
Q

Responders trained and certified to the Operations level are individuals who respond to hazmat releases as part of their normal duties.

A

Operations

33
Q

Operations responders are expected to protect individuals, the environment, and property from the effects of the release in a primarily defensive manner.

A

defensive manner

34
Q

Operations responders are expected to analyze the surrounding conditions and determine the location and amount of any release, if possible.

A

release

35
Q

In order to protect themselves, operations responders must be aware of safety precautions, the suitability of the personal protective equipment available, and emergency decontamination.

A

emergency decontamination

36
Q

Operations responders are expected to establish the Incident Management system, establish scene control, and implement protective actions such as evacuation.

A

evacuation

37
Q

To safely mitigate hazmat incidents, you must understand the variety of hazardous materials you may encounter, the potential health effects of the materials, and the Physical hazards associated with them.

A

Physical hazards

38
Q

Acute health effects are short term effects that appear within hours or days, such as vomiting or diarrhea.

A

Acute health effects

39
Q

Chronic health effects are long term effects that may take years to appear, such as cancer.

A

Chronic health effects.

40
Q

Condition, substance or device that can directly cause injury or loss, the source of the risk.

A

Hazard

41
Q

Inhalation, ingestion, absorption, and injection are the primary routes by which hazardous substances enter the body.

A

primary routes

42
Q

Energy release, corrosivity, and toxicity are considered the primary mechanisms of harm that hazardous materials and hazmat incidents present.

A

toxicity

43
Q

Energy release at hazmat incidents presents the greatest threat.

A

Energy release

44
Q

Many hazardous materials will release energy due to their Chemical or physical properties and the way they are shipped and/or stored.

A

Chemical, physical

45
Q

Mechanical Energy is possessed by objects due to their position or motion.

A

Mechanical Energy

46
Q

When hazardous materials undergo chemical reactions, they release chemical energy.

A

chemical energy

47
Q

Radiation is energy that is emitted as particles or waves.

A

radiation

48
Q

Corrosives are chemicals that destroy or burn living tissues and have destructive effects by virtue of their corrosivity.

A

Corrosives

49
Q

With the exception of liquid and gas fuels, corrosives comprise the largest usage class in industry.

A

usage class in industry.

50
Q

Chemicals or biological substances that cause sickness, illness, or injury by doing damage on the molecular scale when in contact with the body are considered Toxic.

A

Toxic

51
Q

Biological microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria , may cause severe, disabling disease or illness

A

viruses, bacteria

52
Q

Toxins can cause damage to organs or other parts of the body.

A

Toxins

53
Q

The DOT issues transportation regulations in Title 49 CFR

A

Title 49

54
Q

The resulting health problems from the Love Canal led to the eventual evacuation of the area and the passage of the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA).

A

Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)

55
Q

U.S. Department of Transportation regulations regarding placards were changed after an unmarked trailer containing 50,000 pounds of ammonium nitrate exploded in Kansas City in 1988, killing six FFs.

A

50,000

56
Q

The EPA issues legislation to protect the environment in title 40 CFR.

A

40 CFR

57
Q

The OSHA, part of DOL, issues legislation relating to worker safety under Title 29 CFR.

A

29 CFR

58
Q

The Hazard Communication Standard is designed to ensure that information about chemical hazards and associated protective measures is disseminated to workers and employers.

A

Hazard Communication Standard

59
Q

The Process Safety Management of highly hazardous chemicals standard is intended to prevent or minimize the consequences of a catastrophic release of toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosive HHCs from a process.

A

Process Safety Management

60
Q

The NRC regulates U.S. commercial nuclear power plants and the civilian use of nuclear materials as well as the possession, use, storage, and transfer of radioactive materials through title 10 CFR 20, standards for protection against radiation.

A

10 CFR 20

61
Q

Manages the national nuclear research and defense programs, including the storage of high-level nuclear waste.

A

Department of Energy

62
Q

Has three primary missions: prevent terrorist attacks within the U.S., reduce America’s vulnerability to terrorism, and minimize the damage from potential attacks and natural disasters.

A

Department of Homeland Security

63
Q

Oversees and enforces compliance with the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, which requires that certain hazardous household products carry cautionary labeling to alert consumers to the potential hazards that those products present and inform them of the measures needed to protect themselves form those hazards.

A

Consumer Product Safety Commission

64
Q

If at any point xylene was accidentally discharged from its packaging into the environment, it would become a hazardous substance as regulated by the EPA.

A

xylene

65
Q

When xylene completes its useful life in a plant or workplace and must be disposed of, it becomes a hazardous waste and would be subject to both the EPA and DOT regulations

A

EPA, DOT

66
Q

Statistics indicate that most transportation incidents occur while the materials are being transported via highway rather than by air, rail, or water.

A

highway

Hazmat (15 decks)

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