Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OBGYN > Breast > Flashcards

Breast Flashcards

1
Q

Breast Anatomy

A

Alveoli + Myoepithelial cells

Lobules, Lactiferous Sinus, Duct

Fats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Are ducts radiolucent or radioopague

A

White - Radioopague - Radiodense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Diagnostic Triad

A

Clinical Presentation
Radiology
Pathology - Biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Inflammation and what conditions
Give 3 diseases
Plus give AB

A

Acute Mastitis - Breast Abscess
- When lactation - cos milk for bacterial growth - staph aureus top

  • MRSA: Vancomycin, 5th gen Ceftaroline;

Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis
Paraffinoma, inflammatory cells w MGC - Fibrosis is radioopague, white

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Benign epithelial breast disease
- non-cancerous
+ Important Histological features

A

Fibrocystic change (possible hormone cause)

  • Dilated ducts forming cysts
  • Fibrosis as name suggests
  • Apocrine change
  • Epithelial hyperplasia

cells have apocrine phenotype - w abundant cytoplasm and prominent nucleolus ; cells lining the duct looks like apocrine secretory cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Benign Breast Cancer

- pure epithelium

A

Papillary

very rare 1%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Breast Cancers

  • mixed epithelium and mesenchymal [2 cancers]
  • are they benign or malignant
A

Fibroadenoma

  • fibrous stroma proliferation; from lobules - gland cells
  • elongated ducts, COMPRESSED DUCTS

Phyllodes

  • Massive STROMA PROLIFERATION - push into cystic space to give phyllodes appearance;
  • Mets via blood

Both benign;

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Malignant Breast Cancer, in situ

Origins
Clinical Presentation

A

Carcinoma

  • can be Lobular CIS or Ductal CIS
  • lobular is secretory cells;

Presentation:
Nipple discharge, mass; mammogram density, calcification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Whats a feature of Lobular Carcinoma
- histology?

(note distinction between LC and LCIS)

A

E-Cadherin mutation = ABSCENCEEEEEEEE // NEGATIVE
sheets of single cells, linear

characterized by enlargement and distension of acini

E-cadherin is a cell adhesion molecule that is expressed in normal breast tissue and is useful as a phenotypic marker in breast cancer, with absence of its expression frequently observed in lobular type tumors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Is No Special Type prognosis better or worse than other types of breast carcinoma

A

Worse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Whats Paget’s Disease

A

DCIS in situ to nipple

- contained in epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Gynacomastia

Causes [2]

A

Caused by either increase in estrogen
- like in cirrhosis

or decrease in testosterone
- testicular atrophy

Proliferation of ducts, glands, stroma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Whats the screening regimen in Sg

A

1/y 40-49

2/y 50 onwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Prognosis Features + cancer genes lol

A

Type of tumor
Local extent, size, involvement - T staging, invasion of pectoralis, skin
Lymph Node Invasion - N
Mets

HER2, ER, PR (ER and PR + better response to therapy)
(prostaglandin and eostrogen)

HER2 is oncogene
– RTK family
BRCA1,2 are TSGs
– BRCA involved in DNA repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Breast Cancer Risk

A

Family
Early Menarche, Late MP, Hormone RP, OCP
HORMONAL

No child (nullparous) or First Child born > 30 (no protective effect)

Obese, Alcohol, Radation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Whats the difference between DCIS, LCIS
VS
NST, special types and LC

A

DCIS, LCIS are in situ

NST
Special Types of Breast Carcinoma
Lobular Carcinoma

– are all invasive

17
Q

Fibroadenoma vs Fibrocystic Change

  • phenotype
  • histology
A
  • Ducts compressed due to stroma proliferation
    VS dilated ducts w cyst formation
  • no apocrine change vs Apocrine change (whiter)
  • both have hyperplasia
18
Q

Differentiate between:

Paget’s Disease of Bone
Paget’s Disease of Vulva
Paget’s Disease of Breast

A

Osteitis Deformans - dysregulated osteoclast and osteoblast activity
Vulva - Adenocarcinoma
Breast nipple - discharge, rash, DCIS

19
Q

Name all breast cancers

  • Benign
    • Pure Epithelium + Mixed
  • Malignant
A

Benign

  • Pure: Papillary (v rare)
  • Mixed: Fibroadenoma, Phyllodes Tumor

Malignant:
- Breast Carcinoma; DCIS, LCIS, NST; IDC, ILC (invaded)

20
Q

4 Histological presentations of

Fibrocystic Change

A

Fibrosis
Cysts

  • Apocrine Metaplasia
  • Epithelial Hyperplasia
21
Q

Compare Histological features of Fibroepithelial neoplasms

- Fibroadenoma vs Phyllodes Tumor

A

Fibroadenoma

  • ducts elongated and compressed
  • stromal proliferation

Phyllodes

  • massive stromal proliferation
  • leaf-like architecture;

OBGYN (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions