Salmonella enteritidis

Question 1

Disease of Salmonella enteritidis

Answer 1

1_Enterocolitis

2_Sepsis with metastatic abscesses occasionally.

Question 2

Characteristics of Salmonella enteritidis

Answer 2

1_Facultative gram-negative rods. 2_Nonlactose-fermenting.
3_Produces H2S.
4Motile, in contrast to Shigella.
5 More than 1500 serotypes.

Question 3

Habitat of Salmonella enteritidis

Answer 3

enteric tract of humans and animals (e.g., chickens and domestic livestock).

Question 4

Transmission of Salmonella enteritidis

Answer 4

fecal–oral route.

Question 5

Pathogenesis of Salmonella enteritidis

Answer 5

1_Invades the mucosa of the small and large intestines.
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2Can enter blood, causing➡️➡️ sepsis.
3 Infectious dose is at least (((100,000))) organisms, much greater than the infectious dose of Shigella.

4_ Infectious dose is high because organism is inactivated by stomach acid.
5_Endotoxin in cell wall; no exotoxin.
6_Predisposing factors include lowered stomach acidity from either antacids or gastrectomy. Sickle cell anemia predisposes to Salmonella osteomyelitis.

Question 6

Infectious dose of Salmonella enteritidis is at least _______ organisms

Answer 6

100,000

Question 7

Why Infectious dose of Salmonella enteritidis is high ??

Answer 7

because organism is inactivated by stomach acid

Question 8

Type of toxin in Salmonella enteritidis

Answer 8

Endotoxin in cell wall ; no exotoxin

Question 9

Predisposing factors to Salmonella enteritidis

Answer 9

include lowered stomach acidity from either antacids or gastrectomy. Sickle cell anemia predisposes to Salmonella osteomyelitis.

Question 10

Laboratory Diagnosis of Salmonella enteritidis

Answer 10

1(((Gram-stained smear and culture.))) 2Non–lactose-fermenting colonies on EMB or MacConkey’s agar.
3 TSI agar shows alkaline slant and acid butt, with gas and H2S.
4 Biochemical and serologic reactions used to identify species.
5_ Can identify the organism by using known antisera in agglutination assay.
Widal test detects antibodies in patient’s serum to the O and H antigens of the organism but is not widely used.

Question 11

Salmonella enteritidis on EMB or MacConkey’s agar.

Answer 11

Non–lactose-fermenting colonies

Question 12

Salmonella enteritidis on TSI

Answer 12

TSI agar shows alkaline slant and acid butt, with gas and H2S.

Question 13

identify the organism

Answer 13

Biochemical and serologic reactions used to identify species.
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Can identify the organism by using known antisera in agglutination assay. Widal test detects antibodies in patient’s serum to the O and H antigens of the organism but is not widely used.

Question 14

Treatment of Salmonella enteritidis

Answer 14

1_Antibiotics usually not recommended for uncomplicated ((enterocolitis)).
2_Ceftriaxone or other drugs are used for sepsis, depending on sensitivity tests

Question 15

Prevention of Salmonella enteritidis

Answer 15

1_ Public health measures (e.g., sewage disposal, chlorination of the water supply, stool cultures for food handlers, and handwashing prior to food handling).
2_Do not eat raw eggs or meat. No vaccine is available.

Question 16

Vaccine of Salmonella enteritidis

Answer 16

No vaccine is available.