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CompTIA A+ Core 1 > Ports > Flashcards

Ports Flashcards

1
Q

FTP

A

20/21

File Transfer Protocol
• tcp/20 (active mode data), tcp/21 (control)
• Transfers files between systems
• Authenticates with a username and password
• Some systems use a generic/anonymous login
• Full-featured functionality
• List, add, delete, etc.

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2
Q

SSH

A

22

Secure Shell
• Encrypted communication link - tcp/22
• Looks and acts the same as Telnet

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3
Q

Telnet

A

23

  • Telnet – Telecommunication Network - tcp/23
  • Login to devices remotely
  • Console access
  • In-the-clear communication
  • Not the best choice for production systems
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4
Q

SMTP

A

25

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
• Server to server email transfer - tcp/25
• Also used to send mail from a device to a mail server
• Commonly configured on mobile devices
and email clients
• Other protocols are used for clients to receive email
• IMAP, POP3

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5
Q

DNS

A

53

Domain Name System
• Converts names to IP addresses - udp/53
• www.professormesser.com = 162.159.246.164
• These are very critical resources
• Usually multiple DNS servers are in production

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6
Q

HTTP

A

80

Hypertext Transfer Protocol - tcp/80
• Communication in the browser
• And by other applications

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7
Q

HTTPS

A

443

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
• Encrypted - HTTPS - tcp/443
• Supported by nearly all web servers and clients

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8
Q

POP3

A

110

  • POP3 - Post office Protocol version 3 - tcp/110
  • Basic mail transfer functionality
  • Receive emails from an email server
  • Authenticate and transfer
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9
Q

IMAP4

A

143

Internet Message Access Protocol v4 - tcp/143
• Includes management of email inbox from multiple clients

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10
Q

RDP

A

3389

Remote Desktop Protocol
• Share a desktop from a remote location over tcp/3389
• Remote Desktop Services on many Windows versions
• Can connect to an entire desktop or just an application
• Clients for Windows, macOS, Linux, Unix,
iPhone, Android, and others

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11
Q

NETBIOS

A

137, 138, 139

Server Message Block
• Protocol used by Microsoft Windows
• File sharing, printer sharing
• Also called CIFS (Common Internet File System)
• Using NetBIOS over TCP/IP
• udp/137 - NetBIOS name services (nbname)
• udp/138 - NetBIOS datagram service (nbdatagram)
• tcp/139 - NetBIOS session service (nbsession)

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12
Q

AFP

A

548

Apple Filing Protocol
• File services in macOS
• tcp/548
• Works with SLP (Service Location Protocol)
• tcp/427 and udp/427
• Populates the list of available devices
• File management
• Copy, move, delete files
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13
Q

DHCP

A

67, 68

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
• Automated configuration of IP address, subnet mask
and other options
• udp/67, udp/68
• Requires a DHCP server
• Server, appliance, integrated into a SOHO router, etc.
• Dynamic / pooled
• IP addresses are assigned in real-time from a pool
• Each system is given a lease and must renew
at set intervals
• DHCP reservation
• Addresses are assigned by MAC address
in the DHCP server
• Quickly manage addresses from one location

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14
Q

LDAP

A

389

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
• tcp/389
• Store and retrieve information in a network directory
• Commonly used in Microsoft Active Directory

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15
Q

SNMP

A

161, 162

Simple Network Management Protocol
• Gather statistics from network devices
• Queries: udp/161
• Traps: udp/162
• v1 – The original
• Structured tables, in-the-clear
• v2 – A good step ahead
• Data type enhancements
• Bulk transfers, still in-the-clear
• v3 – A secure standard
• Message integrity
• Authentication, encryption
How well did you know this?
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16
Q

20/21

A

FTP

File Transfer Protocol
• tcp/20 (active mode data), tcp/21 (control)
• Transfers files between systems
• Authenticates with a username and password
• Some systems use a generic/anonymous login
• Full-featured functionality
• List, add, delete, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

22

A

SSH

Secure Shell
• Encrypted communication link - tcp/22
• Looks and acts the same as Telnet

18
Q

23

A

Telnet

  • Telnet – Telecommunication Network - tcp/23
  • Login to devices remotely
  • Console access
  • In-the-clear communication
  • Not the best choice for production systems
19
Q

25

A

SMTP

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
• Server to server email transfer - tcp/25
• Also used to send mail from a device to a mail server
• Commonly configured on mobile devices
and email clients
• Other protocols are used for clients to receive email
• IMAP, POP3

20
Q

53

A

DNS

Domain Name System
• Converts names to IP addresses - udp/53
• www.professormesser.com = 162.159.246.164
• These are very critical resources
• Usually multiple DNS servers are in production

21
Q

80

A

HTTP

Hypertext Transfer Protocol - tcp/80
• Communication in the browser
• And by other applications

22
Q

110

A

POP3

  • Post office Protocol version 3 - tcp/110
  • Basic mail transfer functionality
  • Receive emails from an email server
  • Authenticate and transfer
23
Q

143

A

IMAP

Internet Message Access Protocol v4 - tcp/143
• Includes management of email inbox from multiple clients

24
Q

443

A

HTTPS

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
• Encrypted - HTTPS - tcp/443
• Supported by nearly all web servers and clients

25
Q

3389

A

RDP

Remote Desktop Protocol
• Share a desktop from a remote location over tcp/3389
• Remote Desktop Services on many Windows versions
• Can connect to an entire desktop or just an application
• Clients for Windows, macOS, Linux, Unix, iPhone, Android, and others

26
Q

137–139

A

NETBIOS

  • Protocol used by Microsoft Windows
  • File sharing, printer sharing
  • Also called CIFS (Common Internet File System)
  • Using NetBIOS over TCP/IP
  • udp/137 - NetBIOS name services (nbname)
  • udp/138 - NetBIOS datagram service (nbdatagram)
  • tcp/139 - NetBIOS session service (nbsession)
27
Q

445

A

SMB/CIFS

CIFS
Common Internet File System (CIFS) is a Microsoft-developed enhancement of the SMB protocol, which was also developed by Microsoft. The intent behind CIFS is that it can be used to share files and printers between computers, regardless of the operating system that they run. It’s been the default file and print sharing protocol on Windows-based computers since Windows 2000.

SMB
Server Message Block (SMB) is a protocol originally developed by IBM but then enhanced by Microsoft, IBM, Intel, and others. It’s used to provide shared access to files, printers, and other network resources and is primarily implemented by Microsoft systems. In a way, it can function a bit like FTP only with a few more options, such as the ability to connect to printers, and more management commands. It’s also known for its ability to make network resources easily visible through various Windows network apps (such as Network in File Explorer).

28
Q

427

A

SLP

The Service Location Protocol (SLP) is a non-proprietary protocol designed to help locate resources on a network. Without protocols such as SLP (and SMB), users wanting to access networked resources need to enter the hostname or IP address of the machine that provides the resource. SLP makes the resources visible and therefore easy to connect to.

SLP was developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), so it’s considered an industry standard. The advantage is that it can be used with non-Microsoft operating systems, such as macOS and Linux.

29
Q

548

A

AFP

Apple Filing Protocol
• File services in macOS
• tcp/548
• Works with SLP (Service Location Protocol)
• tcp/427 and udp/427
• Populates the list of available devices
• File management
• Copy, move, delete files
30
Q

67/68

A

DHCP

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
• Automated configuration of IP address, subnet mask
and other options
• udp/67, udp/68
• Requires a DHCP server
• Server, appliance, integrated into a SOHO router, etc.
• Dynamic / pooled
• IP addresses are assigned in real-time from a pool
• Each system is given a lease and must renew
at set intervals
• DHCP reservation
• Addresses are assigned by MAC address
in the DHCP server
• Quickly manage addresses from one location

31
Q

389

A

LDAP

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
• tcp/389
• Store and retrieve information in a network directory
• Commonly used in Microsoft Active Directory

32
Q

161/162

A

SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol
• Gather statistics from network devices
• Queries: udp/161
• Traps: udp/162
• v1 – The original
• Structured tables, in-the-clear
• v2 – A good step ahead
• Data type enhancements
• Bulk transfers, still in-the-clear
• v3 – A secure standard
• Message integrity
• Authentication, encryption
33
Q

POP3S

A

995

POP3 over a secure channel - TCP port 995.

34
Q

995

A

POP3

over a secure channel - TCP port 995.

35
Q

IMAPS

A

993

IMAP over secure socket layer encryption using TCP 993 to perform IMAPS communication.

36
Q

993

A

IMAPS

IMAP over secure socket layer encryption using TCP 993 to perform IMAPS communication.

37
Q

587

A

authentication for SMTP is going to run over TCP port 587

38
Q

SMTPS

A

587

authentication for SMTP is going to run over TCP port 587

39
Q

S/MIME

A

Stands for Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions. This allows you to both encrypt and digitally sign the messages that you’re sending and receiving from Microsoft Exchange.

40
Q

SMB/CIFS

A

445

SMB/CIFS

CIFS
Common Internet File System (CIFS) is a Microsoft-developed enhancement of the SMB protocol, which was also developed by Microsoft. The intent behind CIFS is that it can be used to share files and printers between computers, regardless of the operating system that they run. It’s been the default file and print sharing protocol on Windows-based computers since Windows 2000.

SMB
Server Message Block (SMB) is a protocol originally developed by IBM but then enhanced by Microsoft, IBM, Intel, and others. It’s used to provide shared access to files, printers, and other network resources and is primarily implemented by Microsoft systems. In a way, it can function a bit like FTP only with a few more options, such as the ability to connect to printers, and more management commands. It’s also known for its ability to make network resources easily visible through various Windows network apps (such as Network in File Explorer).

CompTIA A+ Core 1 (20 decks)

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